Understanding Homeostasis

What is the normal range of human body temperature in Celsius?

• 36.1°C to 37.2°C

• 39.0°C to 40.0°C

• 37.3°C to 38.5°C

• 35.0°C to 36.0°C

Describe the role of the hypothalamus in regulating body temperature.

• The hypothalamus cools the body by increasing blood flow to the skin.

• The hypothalamus regulates body temperature by acting as a thermostat that triggers heat loss or conservation mechanisms.

• The hypothalamus produces hormones that directly increase body temperature.

• The hypothalamus has no role in temperature regulation; it only controls hunger.

What hormone is primarily responsible for lowering blood glucose levels?

• Adrenaline

• Glucagon

• Cortisol

• Insulin

Explain how insulin and glucagon work together to maintain blood glucose levels.

• Glucagon lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating glycogen storage.

• Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake and storage, while glucagon raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown and glucose release.

• Insulin and glucagon both lower blood glucose levels simultaneously.

• Insulin raises blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake.

What is a negative feedback mechanism? Provide an example related to homeostasis.

• An example of a negative feedback mechanism related to homeostasis is the regulation of body temperature, where increased temperature triggers sweating to cool the body.

• Increase in heart rate during exercise

• Production of adrenaline in response to stress

• Regulation of blood sugar levels through insulin release

How does the body respond to overheating?

• The body retains heat by constricting blood vessels in the skin.

• The body responds to overheating by increasing blood flow to the skin and initiating sweating.

• The body responds by increasing heart rate and decreasing sweating.

• The body cools down by reducing blood flow to the skin.

What is the role of adrenaline in the body's response to stress?

• Adrenaline promotes relaxation and calmness.

• Adrenaline helps in digestion during stressful situations.

• Adrenaline decreases heart rate during stress.

• Adrenaline prepares the body for a 'fight or flight' response during stress.

Describe the process of thermoregulation in humans.

• Humans maintain body temperature only through diet and hydration.

• Thermoregulation in humans is not affected by external environmental conditions.

• Thermoregulation in humans is the process of maintaining a stable internal body temperature through mechanisms like sweating, shivering, vasodilation, and vasoconstriction.

• Thermoregulation is solely controlled by the brain without any physical responses.

What is the significance of homeostasis in maintaining health?

• Homeostasis is essential for maintaining health as it ensures stable internal conditions necessary for proper physiological function.

• Homeostasis leads to fluctuating internal conditions that can harm health.

• Homeostasis is only important for physical fitness, not overall health.

• Homeostasis disrupts physiological functions, leading to better health outcomes.

How do hormones interact with target cells to regulate homeostasis?

• Hormones interact with target cells by binding to specific receptors, triggering responses that regulate homeostasis.

• Hormones are not involved in maintaining homeostasis.

• Hormones only affect cells in the digestive system.

• Hormones directly alter DNA in target cells.