Biology Terms

chromosome

• tightly wound strands of DNA

• single strands of RNA

• loose strands of protein

• unwound DNA in the nucleus

egg

• female sex cell (gamete)

• male sex cell (sperm)

• fertilized ovum

• embryonic cell

zygote

• A fertilized egg and diploid in chromosome number

• A haploid cell formed during meiosis

• An unfertilized egg cell

• A type of somatic cell

homologous chromosomes

• chromosomes that have the same type of genetic information and are often similar in size

• chromosomes that are identical in every way

• chromosomes that are found only in gametes

• chromosomes that have different genetic information but similar size

spermatogenesis

• formation of a sperm cell

• process of egg cell formation

• development of muscle cells

• formation of blood cells

daughter cells

• new cells from cell division

• cells that are identical to the parent cell

• cells that undergo apoptosis

• cells that are formed during meiosis

sex cells

• sperm and egg

• red and white blood cells

• neurons and glial cells

• muscle and fat cells

karyotype

• a picture of one's chromosomes

• a type of genetic mutation

• a method of DNA sequencing

• a form of genetic engineering

gamete

• sex cell

• body cell

• blood cell

• nerve cell

diploid

• full set of chromosomes for a species (2 sets= 2n)

• half set of chromosomes for a species (1 set= n)

• a condition where chromosomes are not paired

• a genetic mutation affecting chromosome number