Mass Movement

What is the primary driving force behind mass movements?

• Wind

• Water

• Gravity

• Temperature

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing mass movements?

• Slope angle

• Water content

• Vegetation

• Air pressure

What is the main characteristic of soil creep?

• Rapid movement of rock and debris

• Sudden collapse of a slope

• Slow, imperceptible movement of soil

• Flowing water transporting sediment

What is solifluction?

• A type of landslide caused by earthquakes

• A slow type of soil movement in permafrost regions

• A rapid mudflow in volcanic areas

• The sudden collapse of a mountain slope

What typically triggers a mudflow?

• Heavy rainfall or rapid snowmelt

• Earthquake shaking

• Freeze-thaw cycles

• Human activity like construction

Which type of mass movement is associated with volcanic eruptions?

• Creep

• Lahar

• Slump

• Rockfall

What is the difference between a rock slide and a rockfall?

• A rockfall is slower than a rock slide

• A rock slide involves a large mass of rock moving down a slope, while a rockfall is an abrupt freefall of rock

• Rockfalls only occur in winter

• Rock slides are only triggered by earthquakes

How does vegetation help prevent mass movements?

• It adds weight to the slope

• It absorbs excess water

• Plant roots bind the soil, increasing stability

• Both B and C

Which of the following is NOT a slope stabilization technique?

• Retaining walls

• Drainage systems

• Adding water to the slope

• Terracing

What is the main purpose of drainage systems in slope stabilization?

• To prevent soil from drying out

• To remove excess water and reduce saturation

• To add weight to the slope

• To make the slope steeper