Neuroscience Quiz Social cognition and neuroscience course

Myelin sheaths, which insulate axons and facilitate rapid signal transmission, are separated by small gaps. What are these gaps called?

• Soma (neuronal body).

• Terminal Buttons.

• Dendrites.

• Nodes of Ranvier.

Which of the following statements best describes the current scientific understanding of evolution?

• Evolution is merely a theory and has not been conclusively proven.

• Evolution is the process by which the inherited traits of populations change over time in response to environmental pressures and other factors.

• Random mutations do not play a role in the evolutionary process.

• The purpose of evolution is to drive organisms toward increased complexity.

During activation of the sympathetic nervous system in a stress (fight-or-flight) response, which of the following is NOT a typical physiological effect?

• Suppresses digestion.

• Increases glucose metabolism.

• Prepares the body to fight or flight.

• Decreases heart rate.

Which of the following processes is the prefrontal cortex LEAST associated with?

• Decision making.

• Working memory.

• Visual processing.

• Consciousness.

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located?

• In the frontal lobe.

• In the parietal lobe.

• In the temporal lobe.

• In the occipital lobe.

The inside of the neuron is relatively poor in _____ ions and rich in _____ ions.

• Chloride, Phosphate

• Sodium, Potassium

• Potassium, Sodium

• Calcium, Sodium

Without the sodium-potassium pump, the neurons would become…

• more sensitive, because of accumulation of sodium ions.

• more sensitive, because of accumulation of potassium ions.

• overfilled with sodium ions and unable to fire.

• overfilled with potassium ions and unable to fire.

When the action potential arrives at the terminal button, entry of _____ ions stimulates the release of neurotransmitters.

• Potassium

• Sodium

• Calcium

• Chloride

Where are the cell bodies (somas) of preganglionic sympathetic neurons located?

• Dorsal root ganglion.

• White matter of the spinal cord.

• Grey matter of the spinal cord.

• Preganglionic neurons don’t have a cell body.

A neuron that transmits information between the central nervous system and a muscle is called…

• Motor neuron.

• Sensory neuron.

• Interneuron.

• Projection neuron.