Social Psychology Test Review

After George finishes his PhD in psychology, his former classmate Danielle congratulates him and says he must be very smart and hardworking. When George asks why Danielle didn’t finish the degree, she explains that she was too busy managing her job and family to focus on school. Which psychological concept illustrates Danielle's explanation?

• Actor-observer bias
• Confirmation bias
• Central route to persuasion
• Self-serving bias

An individual bystander is most likely to help an injured person under which of the following circumstances?

• When the injury is severe
• When the bystander is the only other person present
• When the other people present are not helping the injured person
• When a large number of people are present

What concept explains why Jeremy runs faster at the track meet with an audience and cheering teammates, even though he usually runs at a moderate pace in practice?

• Social Loafing
• Social Facilitation
• Groupthink
• Conformity

While waiting at a busy bus stop, Laila sees an elderly man fall. Many people notice, but no one helps. Laila assumes someone else will step in if needed, so she decides not to act. Which concept best explains her decision?

• Groupthink
• Social Loafing
• Conformity
• Bystander Effect

Keisha believes her academic success comes from her hard work and dedication. After scoring well on a difficult math exam, she credits her grade to the time spent studying and doing practice problems, not luck or an easy test. Even when things don’t go as planned, she feels that her efforts influence the outcome, which motivates her to set goals and improve. Which concept best describes Keisha’s belief about the source of her successes and failures?

• Internal Locus of Control
• Self-Efficacy
• External Locus of Control
• Learned Helplessness

Sophia starts her new job believing her manager doesn’t trust her with important tasks. This makes her anxious, avoid challenges, and act less confident. Over time, her manager notices and assigns her fewer tasks, which confirms Sophia’s belief. Which concept explains how Sophia’s belief became true?

• Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
• Confirmation Bias
• Fundamental Attribution Error
• Belief Perseverance

During a study-abroad trip to India, Miguel notices many people eat with their hands, which he finds uncomfortable. He believes his way of eating with utensils is the “right” way and judges the local custom as inferior. Which concept explains Miguel’s attitude toward the cultural practices he encounters?

• Prejudice
• Stereotype
• Ethnocentrism
• Fundamental Attribution Error

Jasmine agrees to help her friend Alex by proofreading a small part of his essay. The next day, Alex asks her to review the entire essay. Since she already helped with a small portion, Jasmine feels more inclined to help with the larger request, even though it takes more time. Which concept explains why she’s more willing to help with the second request?

• Foot-in-the-Door
• Reciprocity Norm
• Social Exchange Theory
• Lowball Technique

Leila recently started a new job and met her colleague, Ethan, who is known for being exceptionally friendly and charming. Because of his warm personality, Leila assumes Ethan must also be highly competent and reliable at work, even though she hasn’t seen any proof of his job performance. When a project comes up, she automatically trusts Ethan to handle a critical part of it without questioning his qualifications. Which concept best explains Leila’s assumption about Ethan’s abilities based on her impression of his friendliness?

• Stereotype
• Halo Effect
• Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
• Confirmation Bias

At a large tech company, employees are stressed, dissatisfied, and quitting. The company hires Dr. Young to address these issues. Dr. Young surveys employees to find sources of stress, runs team-building workshops, and creates a new performance evaluation system focused on employee development. These strategies lead to higher job satisfaction and lower turnover. Which professional role best describes Dr. Young’s work?

• Social Psychologist
• Clinical Psychologist
• Industrial-Organizational Psychologist
• Counseling Psychologist