Civil War and Reconstruction

Read the quotation from Abraham Lincoln's First Inaugural Address and answer the question. "I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so." — Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861 Based on this quotation, what was Lincoln's view of slavery?

• He felt slavery was morally wrong and was willing to risk fighting a civil war to end it.

• He supported slavery but worked to outlaw it in order to appeal to his northern supporters.

• He understood slavery was an issue that divided people but was willing to accept it to protect the United States.

• He believed slavery was economically important to the United States and promised to expand it as president.

The Fourteenth Amendment effectively overturned which prior decision of the Supreme Court?

• the Court's decision in Gibbons v. Ogden

• the Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson

• the Court's decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford

• the Court's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland

Which document is being shown? "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal."

• Emancipation Proclamation

• U.S. Constitution

• Gettysburg Address

• Compromise of 1877

In 1864, which general and his soldiers followed a 285-mile “March to the Sea” in hopes of getting civilians to abandon the Confederate cause?

• Jefferson Davis

• Robert E. Lee

• William T. Sherman

• Ulysses S. Grant

What were the purposes of the Black Codes enacted by Southern states during Reconstruction?

• to restrict the rights of African Americans and prevent them from achieving economic independence

• to help former slaves learn new trades and provide help to them and their families

• to prevent state governments from infringing on the rights of African Americans or preventing them from voting

• to punish former slaveowners and restrict their ability to own property

Use the information to answer the question that follows. Clara Barton started working at the United States Patent Office in Washington, D.C., in 1854. When the Civil War broke out, she volunteered to tend wounded soldiers who were brought back to the city. She then began a campaign across the country to collect needed supplies and traveled to sites near battlefields where the wounded had been brought to provide care. After the war, she worked to help people affected by wars and natural disasters. What best describes the importance of Clara Barton’s actions?

• They led to the founding of the American Red Cross.

• They convinced medical schools to begin accepting women.

• They inspired Congress to create an organization to help veterans.

• They earned her an appointment as the first woman Cabinet member.

How did the election of 1860 contribute to the Civil War?

• Southern states believed that the election was too close to call and believed that John Breckenridge received the most votes.

• Northern states were emboldened by the apathy of Southern voters and proposed an amendment outlawing slavery.

• Southern states believed that Abraham Lincoln intended to prohibit slavery and started to secede from the Union.

• Northern states were emboldened by the victory of Abraham Lincoln and passed a Senate bill outlawing slavery.

Read the bullet points from a speech given prior to the Civil War. - The federal government cannot interfere with slavery. - Secession is unconstitutional and leads to anarchy. - The federal government will not use force unless attacked. Based on your knowledge of social studies, which important speech included these points?

• US President Abraham Lincoln’s first inaugural address

• Illinois Senator Stephen Douglas’s speech at the first Lincoln-Douglas debate

• Mississippi Senator Jefferson Davis’s farewell to the Senate

• Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens’s Cornerstone Speech

Which of these battles is considered a major turning point in the Civil War? Why?

• The Battle of Fort Sumter was a turning point because the Confederacy suffered major losses. Confederate forces would never again hold Union territory after the battle.

• The Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point because the Union was forced to retreat. This allowed the Confederacy to capture and hold territory in Pennsylvania for two more years.

• The Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point because the Confederacy suffered a major defeat and was forced to retreat. The Confederacy would never again invade Northern territory.

• The Battle of Fort Sumter was a turning point because the Union suffered major losses in the battle. The Union lost so many troops that they were unable to defend Union territories for months afterward.

The map shows the United States during the Civil War. Which numeral on the map marks the location where Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant?

• I

• II

• III

• IV