Momentum

What is momentum?

• The speed of an object

• The energy of an object

• The mass of an object times its velocity

• The weight of an object

Answer explanation

Momentum is how much "moving power" an object has. It depends on both its mass (how heavy it is) and its velocity (how fast it is moving and in which direction).

What is the formula for momentum?

• p = m + v

• p = m/v

• p = m - v

• p = mv

Answer explanation

Momentum (p) is found by multiplying mass (m) and velocity (v). This means:

p=m×v

• Mass (m) is how heavy an object is (measured in kilograms, kg).

• Velocity (v) is how fast an object moves and in what direction (measured in meters per second, m/s).

If a car is not moving, what is its momentum?

• Zero

• One

• Small

• Very big

Answer explanation

Momentum depends on mass and velocity. The formula is:

p=m×v

• If a car is not moving, its velocity (v) is 0.

• Anything multiplied by 0 is always 0.

• So, the car’s momentum is zero.

If two objects are moving at the same speed, which one has more momentum?

• The lighter object

• The heavier object

• Both are the same

• Neither has momentum

Answer explanation

Momentum depends on mass and velocity, using the formula:

p=m×v

• If two objects have the same speed (velocity is equal), the object with the greater mass will have more momentum.

• A heavier object moving at the same speed as a lighter object is harder to stop, meaning it has more momentum.

A ball with a mass of 2 kg is moving at 3 m/s to the north. What is its momentum?

• 6 kg·m/s North

• 5 kg·m/s North

• 2 kg·m/s North

• 3 kg·m/s North

Answer explanation

Momentum is calculated using the formula:

p= m × v

where:

• p = momentum (kg·m/s)

• m = mass (kg)

• v = velocity (m/s)

Step-by-step solution:

1. The ball’s mass m = 2 kg

2. The ball’s velocity v = 3 m/s

3. Plug the values into the formula:

p= 2kg × 3m/s

p = 6 kg·m/s