17/03

One limitation of Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of Stress and Coping is that the model

• fails to explain the outcome if coping resources are inadequate

• does not account for the different interpretations of events by individuals

• does not recognise that the individual and the environment both play a role in the stress response

• is unable to be researched experimentally because primary and secondary appraisal can occur simultaneously

Which of the following is a false statement regarding the pathway of a neuromodulator?

• it travels via chemical transmission to multiple post-synaptic neurons

• it attaches to the post-synaptic neuron after being released via vesicles

• it requires a complementary receptor on the dendrites of the post-synaptic neuron

• it is released in highly concentrated levels into the synapse to allow for a longer-lasting and slower effect

Marcus is a university student who is trying to keep up to date with study and his part-time job. The night before one of his important university tests, his boss calls him and asks him to fill in for a shift that will run until 10pm. Marcus is worried that he does not understand any of the content and that he will fail, so he decides to fill in for the shift and attempt to forget about the test for the rest of the night.

Which of the following accurately describes the type of coping strategy Marcus used?

• problem-based strategy

• avoidance strategy

• approach strategy

• emotional strategy

Amy recently lost her job, and is now cannot afford to contribute to her and her partner's monthly rent. She is feeling increasingly nervous and stressed that they will be unable to pay on time. However, Amy's partner has previously lost his job whilst needing to pay rent before, and feels less stressed than Amy as he knows how to access financial aid and support.
What are the most likely primary and secondary appraisals of Amy, respectively?

• stressful and a threat, adequate resources

• stressful and a threat, inadequate resources

• stressful and a harm/loss, adequate resources

• stressful and a harm/loss, inadequate resources

Amy recently lost her job, and is now cannot afford to contribute to her and her partner's monthly rent. She is feeling increasingly nervous and stressed that they will be unable to pay on time. However, Amy's partner has previously lost his job whilst needing to pay rent before, and feels less stressed than Amy as he knows how to access financial aid and support.
What are the most likely primary and secondary appraisals of Amy's partner, respectively?

• stressful but a challenge, adequate resources

• stressful and a harm/loss, adequate resources

• non-stressful and irrelevant, inadequate resources

• stressful and a threat, adequate resources

A patient has been trying to battle a major illness for several months, whilst keeping up with medical bills. When the patient was first diagnoses, they felt extremely faint and had to lie down for a few minutes. After taking the patient's blood pressure, the attending doctor became increasingly concerned as it was extremely low.
What stage of the GAS model was the patient likely in when they had a low blood pressure?

• alarm shock stage

• alarm counter-shock stage

• resistance stage

• exhaustion stage

Millie the dog is always fed her dinner in the garage. Millie salivates every time her owner, Priya, opens the garage door.
With reference to Milli's learned behaviour, Priya opening the garage door is

• a conditioned response

• a conditioned stimulus

• an unconditioned response

• an unconditioned stimulus

Millie the dog is always fed her dinner in the garage. Millie salivates every time her owner, Priya, opens the garage door.
Millie's response of salivating every time the garage door is opened is

• unconditioned response

• conditioned response

• conditioned stimulus

• unconditioned stimulus

The Little Albert experiment involves classically conditioning a child to have a fear response to a mouse by pairing a loud bang with the mouse several times.
Which of the following does not describe a relevant ethical concern with the Little Albert experiment?

• non-maleficence as the harm to the child outweighs the benefit

• deception is being used when the child is presented with the loud bang as well as the mouse

• lack of informed consent as the child was too young to properly understand the risks

• beneficience, as no direct benefit or reward was given to the child as a result of participating in the experiment

The Little Albert experiment involves classically conditioning a child to have a fear response to a mouse by pairing a loud bang with the mouse several times.
For little Albert to develop a classically conditioned emotional response, the

• unconditioned stimulus must be presented after the neutral stimulus

• neutral stimulus must be presented after the unconditioned stimulus

• unconditioned response must occur before the presentation of the neutral stimulus

• unconditioned response must occur before the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus