Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Concepts

What is the function of restriction enzymes?

• Restriction enzymes replicate DNA during cell division.
• Restriction enzymes repair damaged DNA strands.
• Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences.
• Restriction enzymes synthesize RNA from DNA.

Restriction enzymes are naturally found in which organisms?

• Restriction enzymes are naturally found in bacteria and archaea.

• Restriction enzymes are naturally found in plants and fungi.

• Restriction enzymes are naturally found in viruses and algae.

• Restriction enzymes are naturally found in animals and protozoa.

Plasmids are found in which types of cells?

• Plasmids are found in prokaryotic cells (such as bacteria) and some eukaryotic cells (such as yeast).

• Plasmids are found only in animal cells.

• Plasmids are found only in plant cells.

• Plasmids are found in viruses.

What is the shape of plasmids?

• Circular

• Linear

• Triangular

• Hexagonal

Recombinant DNA is defined as

• a type of DNA that is formed by combining DNA from two different sources.

• a type of DNA that is naturally occurring in organisms.

• a type of DNA that is only found in bacteria.

• a type of DNA that is used exclusively in forensic science.

The purpose of gel electrophoresis is to:

• separate DNA fragments by size

• amplify DNA sequences

• synthesize proteins

• sequence DNA

List one pro and one con of cloning.

• Pro: Cloning can help in medical research; Con: Cloning raises ethical concerns.

• Pro: Cloning can create identical organisms; Con: Cloning is expensive.

• Pro: Cloning can save endangered species; Con: Cloning reduces genetic diversity.

• Pro: Cloning can lead to medical breakthroughs; Con: Cloning is unnatural.

What was the main goal of the Human Genome Project (HGP)?

One benefit of the Human Genome Project (HGP) is:

• Advancement in genetic research

• Increased cost of healthcare

• Reduction in biodiversity

• Decrease in genetic disorders

Which of the following is a pro of GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)?

• Increased crop yield

• Decreased nutritional value

• Higher pesticide use

• Reduced biodiversity