Understanding Electronegativity and Polarity

Define electronegativity and explain its significance in chemical bonding.

• Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.

• Electronegativity is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.

• Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's size.

• Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to donate electrons in a chemical bond.

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar?

Explain how ionic bonds are formed.

• Ionic bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

• Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

• Ionic bonds are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.

• Ionic bonds are formed by the attraction between two nonmetals.

Compare the polarity of ionic and covalent bonds.

• Ionic bonds are generally more polar than covalent bonds.

• Covalent bonds are generally more polar than ionic bonds.

• Both ionic and covalent bonds have the same polarity.

• Neither ionic nor covalent bonds are polar.

• Polar, because it has a net dipole moment.

• Nonpolar, because it has a symmetrical tetrahedral shape.

• Polar, because it contains polar bonds.

• Nonpolar, because it has an asymmetrical shape.

Which of the following molecules is polar?

• It has a linear shape and equal sharing of electrons.

• It has a bent shape and unequal sharing of electrons.

• It has a tetrahedral shape and equal sharing of electrons.

• It has a planar shape and unequal sharing of electrons.

• Covalent bond formed by sharing electrons.

• Ionic bond formed by transferring electrons.

• Metallic bond formed by a sea of electrons.

• Hydrogen bond formed by attraction between hydrogen and chlorine.