Chromosomal Mutations Quiz

What are changes in chromosome segments or whole chromosomes called?

• Gene duplication

• Chromosomal mutations

• Genetic drift

• Natural selection

During which processes do chromosomal mutations usually occur?

• Photosynthesis and respiration

• Mitosis and meiosis

• Transcription and translation

• Fermentation and glycolysis

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What is the process called when one chromosome ends up with two copies of a gene or genes?

• Gene deletion

• Gene duplication

• Gene inversion

• Gene translocation

What happens to the chromosome that loses a segment during gene duplication?

• It undergoes gene inversion

• It undergoes gene translocation

• It undergoes gene deletion

• It undergoes gene amplification

What is one positive effect of mutations mentioned in the text?

• Decrease in genetic variation

• Increase in genetic variation

• Elimination of harmful traits

• Reduction in population size

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What occurs when gene duplication happens in eukaryotic organisms?

• Only harmful mutations occur

• No new proteins are formed

• Multiple copies of a gene are present

• The organism becomes extinct

What is polyploidy in plants?

• A single copy of the genome

• Multiple copies of the genome

• No copies of the genome

• Half a copy of the genome

How can scientists artificially induce polyploidy in cells?

• By increasing temperature

• By using chemicals

• By reducing light exposure

• By adding more water

What is the chromosome number for a banana?

• 3N=33

• 4N=48

• 6N=42

• 8N=56

Which plant has a chromosome number of 8N=56?

• Banana

• Potato

• Strawberry

• Common wheat