Ch 13/14 Quiz review (2025)

What is the purpose of DNA profiling in forensic analysis?

• To determine blood type

• To match genetic patterns between samples

• To sequence entire genomes

• To identify bacterial contamination

When analyzing mRNA codons, what does AUG typically indicate?

• A stop signal

• A start codon

• A splice site

• A pause signal

In eukaryotic gene structure, what is the relationship between exons and protein coding?

• Exons never code for proteins

• Exons contain only regulatory sequences

• Exons contain protein-coding sequences

• Exons only contain intron information

During gel electrophoresis, why do DNA fragments move toward the positive electrode?

• Because DNA is positively charged

• Because DNA is negatively charged

• Because of protein attraction

• Because of RNA interference

What is the main function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

• To store genetic information

• To transport amino acids to ribosomes

• To produce energy

• To break down proteins

How do restriction enzymes create "sticky ends"?

• By making staggered cuts in DNA

• By cutting DNA perfectly straight

• By adding nucleotides

• By removing nucleotides

What role does the 5' cap serve in mRNA?

• To mark the end of translation

• To protect mRNA from degradation

• To initiate protein folding

• To signal ribosome disassembly

During DNA replication, why are Okazaki fragments necessary?

• Due to bidirectional replication

• Due to 5' to 3' synthesis requirement

• Due to RNA primer removal

• Due to DNA repair needs

What distinguishes a plasmid from chromosomal DNA?

• Its circular structure

• Its base composition

• Its location in the nucleus

• Its replication timing

In PCR, what is the purpose of thermal cycling?

• To preserve DNA samples

• To separate and replicate DNA strands

• To modify DNA structure

• To remove contaminants