SJI 7 4TH QUARTER SCIENCE EXAM REVIEW

What is the difference between the epicenter and the focus of an earthquake?

• The epicenter is underground, while the focus is on the surface.

• The focus is the point where the earthquake starts, and the epicenter is directly above it on the surface.

• The focus measures magnitude, while the epicenter measures intensity.

• The epicenter causes aftershocks, while the focus does not.

What causes faults to form?

• The movement of wind and water eroding rock layers

• The movement of tectonic plates creating stress in the Earth’s crust

• The accumulation of minerals over time

• The presence of underground rivers and caves

Which type of fault is caused by tensional stress and results in the hanging wall moving downward?

• Reverse fault

• Normal fault

• Strike-slip fault

• Transform fault

Where are normal faults commonly found?

• Along convergent boundaries

• Along transform boundaries

• In areas where the Earth’s crust is being pulled apart

• In subduction zones

What type of fault is associated with the Himalayan Mountain Range due to compressional forces?

• Normal fault

• Reverse fault

• Strike-slip fault

• Transform fault

What type of fault movement occurs when rocks slide past each other horizontally?

• Normal fault

• Reverse fault

• Strike-slip fault

• Subduction fault

Which fault is responsible for frequent earthquakes in California?

• East African Rift Valley Fault

• San Andreas Fault

• Mid-Atlantic Ridge Fault

• Mariana Trench Fault

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

• Strong winds

• Movement of tectonic plates and stress along faults

• Volcanic eruptions only

• Changes in atmospheric pressure

What are the two main types of seismic waves?

• Love waves and Rayleigh waves

• Body waves and Surface waves

• P-waves and S-waves

• Primary waves and Secondary waves

Which type of wave is the fastest and arrives first at a seismic station?

• S-Waves

• P-Waves

• Rayleigh Waves

• Love Waves