The Universe/Photosynthesis Exam Review

The Milky Way galaxy is an example of a(n)

• a spiral galaxy

• quasar

• elliptical galaxy

• irregular galaxy

The strength of the force of gravity depends on

• the masses of the objects and their speeds

• the masses of the objects and the distance between them

• the weight of the objects and their speeds

• the masses of the objects and their weights

Gravity helps form stars, planets, and solar systems by the gradual gathering together of smaller pieces in a process called

• inertia

• spinning

• accretion

• collapsing

Space exploration has advanced has advanced our knowledge of the universe. Which space journey would take the longest?

• a journey from Earth to the sun

• a journey from Earth to the moon

• a journey from Earth to a star in the constellation Centaurus

• a journey from Earth to the farthest planet in our solar system, Neptune.

NASA’s Kepler mission has discovered a new solar system. What would have led to this conclusion?

• They discovered a relatively large spherical body.

• They discovered an apparent pattern of stars in the sky.

• They discovered a star that is orbited by other astronomical bodies.

• They discovered a collection of stars, dust and gas bound together by gravity.

Two new planets are discovered, planet X and planet Y. The planets have identical volumes, but the mass of planet X is two time greater than the mass of planet Y. If two identical spaceships land on each planet, which of the following will be true?

• The mass of the spaceship on planet Y will be greater than the mass of the spaceship on planet X.

• The weight of the spaceship on planet Y will be greater than the weight of the spaceship on planet X.

• The mass of the spaceship on planet X will be greater than the mass of the spaceship on Planet Y.

• The weight of the spaceship on planet X will be greater than the weight of the spaceship on planet Y.

The distance between objects, along with the masses of the objects, affect the gravitational force between the objects. Which claim can be supported by Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

• When the masses of objects increase, gravitational force decreases.

• When distance between objects increases, gravitational force decreases.

• When distance between objects decreases, gravitational force decreases.

• When the mass of objects decrease, the distance between objects decreases.

The diagram below shows several objects in space. Which of these choices best identifies what the diagram shows?

• location of comets

• geocentric star system

• heliocentric solar system

• galaxy that is nearest to Earth

Living things can be grouped depending on how they get food. Some organisms get food from eating other organisms. Other organisms can make their own food. In which group do organisms that can make their own food belong?

• consumers

• decomposers

• predators

• producers

Plants perform photosynthesis and respiration. Dead plants are broken down and become part of the soil. Which of the following matter do plants help to cycle through ecosystems?

• carbon only

• carbon and oxygen only

• carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen only

• carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and water