Exploring DNA: Replication to Translation

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Ligase

• Primase

What is the primary function of mRNA in the process of protein synthesis?

• To carry amino acids to the ribosome

• To serve as a template for protein synthesis

• To form the structure of ribosomes

• To catalyze peptide bond formation

During replication and transcription initiation, what type of bonds must be broken for the DNA to "unzip"?

• polypeptide

• covalent

• ionic

• hydrogen

Which of the following best describes the structure of the DNA double helix?

• A single strand of nucleotides

• Two strands of nucleotides running parallel

• Two strands of nucleotides running antiparallel

• A triple helix structure

What is the function of tRNA during translation?

• To carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome

• To catalyze the formation of peptide bonds

• To transport amino acids to the ribosome

• To form the structure of the ribosome

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication?

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• Ligase

• Primase

What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

• To carry genetic information from DNA

• To form the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyze protein synthesis

• To transport amino acids to the ribosome

• To splice introns from pre-mRNA

Which of the following statements about the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication is correct?

• DNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix.

• DNA polymerase synthesizes a short RNA primer.

• DNA polymerase joins Okazaki fragments.

• DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.

What is the significance of the anticodon region of tRNA?

• It binds to the ribosome.

• It carries the amino acid.

• It pairs with the complementary codon on mRNA.

• It catalyzes peptide bond formation.

Which of the following is a key difference between DNA and RNA structure?

• DNA contains uracil, while RNA contains thymine

• DNA is single-stranded, while RNA is double-stranded

• DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar

• DNA is found in the cytoplasm, while RNA is found in the nucleus