The Spanish Transition: 1975-1982​

What was the Spanish Transition (1975-1982)?

• A period of economic collapse

• A shift from dictatorship to democracy

• A revolution that overthrew King Juan Carlos I

• A civil war between reformists and Francoists

Why was the Spanish Transition necessary?

• The younger generation demanded democracy while elites resisted change

• Spain needed to return to a monarchy

• The Catholic Church wanted more influence in politics

• Spain was pressured by the Soviet Union

Who led Spain through the transition to democracy?

• Francisco Franco

• Adolfo Suárez

• King Juan Carlos I

• Felipe González

What did the Spanish Constitution of 1978 establish?

• Spain as a constitutional monarchy

• The abolition of regional autonomy

• Military rule over Spain

• Spain as a communist state

What was the purpose of the Ley para la Reforma Política in 1976?

• To enforce military rule

• To provide a legal framework for Spain's transition to democracy, including free elections.

• To remove the monarchy from power

• To ban socialist parties

How was the 1981 coup attempt defeated?

• King Juan Carlos I appeared on TV in military uniform, rejecting the coup

• The Spanish people protested in the streets

• The European Union sent troops to intervene

• The coup leaders voluntarily surrendered

What was the goal of the Basque separatist group ETA?

• To support King Juan Carlos I

• To reject Spain’s 1978 Constitution and gain independence

• To establish a communist government

• To promote regional cooperation in Spain

What was the long-term impact of ETA and GAL on Spain?

• They created peace and stability

• They fueled a cycle of violence and political instability

• They helped Spain join the European Economic Community

• They strengthened the Catholic Church’s role in politics

What was the “Movida Madrileña”?

• A countercultural movement after Franco’s dictatorship

• A conservative political party

• A military coup in Madrid

• A labor union strike

How did Spanish society adapt to democracy?

• Legalization of divorce in 1981

• Decline of the Catholic Church’s political influence

• Regional autonomy was recognized

• All of the above