Geology Quiz

What is a rock?

• A liquid mixture of minerals and organic matter

• A natural, solid mixture of minerals, smaller rock fragments, organic matter, or glass

• A gaseous mixture of minerals and organic matter

• A synthetic mixture of minerals and organic matter

What is a mineral?

• A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystal structure and definite chemical composition

• A synthetic solid with a random structure

• A naturally occurring liquid with a crystal structure

• An organic solid with a definite chemical composition

What type of rock is formed from compacted and cemented sediments?

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

• Volcanic

Match the following processes with their descriptions.

• Deposition

• The settling of sediments in rivers, lakes, and oceans

• Weathering

• The transport of sediments by water, ice, gravity, or wind

• Igneous rock formation

• The formation of rocks from cooled magma

• Erosion

• The breakdown of rocks by water, wind, or air

Match the following descriptions with the types of rocks they describe.

• Extrusive igneous rocks

• Rocks formed from compacted sediments

• Metamorphic rocks

• Rocks formed from lava cooling quickly on the surface

• Sedimentary rocks

• Rocks formed from magma cooling slowly underground

• Intrusive igneous rocks

• Rocks formed under heat and pressure

The texture of igneous rocks is (a)   if they cool slowly.

• Coarse-grained
• Fine-grained
• Medium-grained
• No texture

Which of the following is an example of an extrusive igneous rock?

• Granite

• Obsidian

• Limestone

• Marble

Which of the following is an example of an intrusive igneous rock?

• Obsidian

• Granite

• Sandstone

• Slate

Which process involves the transport of sediments?

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Crystallization

Which process involves the breakdown of rocks?

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Weathering

• Crystallization