Understanding Hybridization in Chemistry

What is hybridization in chemistry?

• A. The combination of different molecules to form a new compound

• B. The mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals

• C. The transfer of electrons between atoms

• D. The bonding between atoms to form a molecule

Why is hybridization important in explaining molecular bonding?

• It explains the formation of energy levels in atoms

• It helps to predict the shape and bond angles in molecules

• It determines the number of protons in an atom

• It calculates the molecular mass of compounds

Which of the following is true about sp hybridization?

• It involves the mixing of one s orbital and one p orbital.

• It leads to a tetrahedral shape.

• It forms three hybrid orbitals.

• The bond angles are 120°.

In sp2 hybridization, how many hybrid orbitals are formed, and what is their geometry?

• Three hybrid orbitals with a linear shape

• Four hybrid orbitals with a trigonal planar shape

• Three hybrid orbitals with a trigonal planar shape

• Five hybrid orbitals with a trigonal bipyramidal shape

Which molecule is an example of sp3 hybridization?

• Acetylene (C2H2)

• Methane (CH4)

• Ethene (C2H4)

• Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5)

What geometry results from sp3d hybridization?

• Linear geometry

• Trigonal bipyramidal geometry

• Octahedral geometry

• Trigonal planar geometry

Why do sp3 hybridized atoms form a tetrahedral shape?

• Because of the equal repulsion between the bonding electrons

• Because of the linear arrangement of the orbitals

• Because it minimizes the overlap between orbitals

• Because it involves three p orbitals and one s orbital

Which of the following best describes the bond between two carbon atoms in ethene (C2H4)?

• A. A single sigma bond

• B. A sigma bond and a pi bond

• C. Two pi bonds

• D. A triple bond with no hybridization involved

True or False: sp3d hybridization results in a square planar geometry.

• True

• False

True or False: Hybridization involves mixing orbitals of the same energy level to form new orbitals with distinct shapes.

• True

• False