IB SL Chemistry INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

Which of the following has hydrogen bonding: CBr4, NO2, H2S, NH3?

• CBr4

• NO2

• H2S

• NH3

What is a polar molecule?

• A molecule that has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds, resulting in a distribution of electrical charge.

• A molecule that has an equal distribution of electrical charge across its structure.

• A molecule that contains only nonpolar bonds and has no dipole moment.

• A molecule that is soluble in nonpolar solvents and insoluble in polar solvents.

What is the difference between intramolecular and intermolecular forces?

• Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule, while intermolecular forces are the forces that occur between different molecules.

• Intramolecular forces are weak forces that occur between different molecules, while intermolecular forces are strong forces that hold atoms together within a molecule.

• Intramolecular forces are the forces that occur between different molecules, while intermolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule.

• Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold molecules together in a solid state, while intermolecular forces are the forces that hold molecules together in a liquid state.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-3

What is the reason for the high boiling point of SiO2?

• It has a low molecular weight.

• It contains strong covalent bonds within its giant repeated structure.

• It is a metallic compound with free electrons.

• It has a simple molecular structure.

What is the relationship between molecular size and London dispersion forces?

• As molecular size increases, London dispersion forces also increase due to a larger electron cloud, leading to greater polarizability.

• Molecular size has no effect on London dispersion forces, which remain constant regardless of size.

• As molecular size decreases, London dispersion forces increase due to a smaller electron cloud.

• London dispersion forces are only affected by temperature, not by molecular size.

What are intermolecular forces?

• Forces that hold atoms together within a molecule.

• Forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions).

• Forces that occur only in gases and liquids.

• Forces that are stronger than intramolecular forces.

Does HF have hydrogen bonding?

• No, HF does not have hydrogen bonding.

• Yes, HF has hydrogen bonding because hydrogen is bonded to fluorine, which is highly electronegative.

• HF has weak van der Waals forces instead of hydrogen bonding.

• HF does not exhibit any type of bonding.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-3

How do intermolecular forces affect boiling points?

• Stronger intermolecular forces result in lower boiling points, as less energy is required to overcome these forces during the phase change from liquid to gas.

• Stronger intermolecular forces result in higher boiling points, as more energy is required to overcome these forces during the phase change from liquid to gas.

• Intermolecular forces do not affect boiling points; boiling points are solely determined by molecular weight.

• Weaker intermolecular forces result in higher boiling points, as more energy is required to overcome these forces during the phase change from liquid to gas.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-3

Does H2O have hydrogen bonding?

• Yes, H2O (water) exhibits hydrogen bonding due to the presence of hydrogen atoms bonded to oxygen, which is highly electronegative.

• No, H2O does not exhibit hydrogen bonding because it is a non-polar molecule.

• Yes, H2O has hydrogen bonding, but only at high temperatures.

• No, H2O has hydrogen bonding only in solid form.

What is the significance of electronegativity in hydrogen bonding?

• It has no effect on hydrogen bonding.

• It determines the strength of the bond; a highly electronegative atom creates a strong dipole, enhancing the hydrogen bond.

• It only affects ionic bonds, not hydrogen bonds.

• It is only relevant in covalent bonding.

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