Read the following excerpt and answer the question: "Despite its name, this war actually lasted for 116 years, from 1337 to 1453. The war primarily involved England and France, and it shaped both nations' cultures, languages, and identities." What inference can be made about the naming of the Hundred Years War?

• The name was chosen for its poetic value rather than historical accuracy

• Historians rounded down the actual duration for simplicity

• The war had exactly 100 years of active fighting

• Medieval calendars counted years differently than modern ones

What was the primary catalyst for the Hundred Years War?

• A dispute over control of the English Channel

• England's claim to French territories

• King Edward III's claim to the French throne

• French invasion of English territories

Based on the passage, how did the Battle of Crécy change medieval warfare?

• It introduced gunpowder to European armies

• It demonstrated that foot soldiers could defeat mounted knights

• It established France as the dominant military power

• It led to the development of new armor types

Analyze the following statement about Joan of Arc's impact: "Though Joan was captured by the English and executed in 1431, her actions had already changed the course of the war." Which evidence best supports this claim?

• She was made a saint by the Catholic Church

• She inspired French soldiers and restored their confidence

• She became a popular figure in literature

• She learned military strategy quickly

What significant cultural change occurred in England during Henry V's reign?

• French became the official language

• Latin was banned from government use

• English became more widely used in government and law

• Celtic languages were promoted

Which best describes the long-term impact of the Hundred Years War on both nations?

• They formed a permanent alliance

• They developed stronger national identities

• They shared a common language

• They united under one crown

What role did Joan of Arc play in the French military campaign?

• She served as the king's military advisor

• She commanded the entire French army

• She led French forces to victory at Orléans

• She negotiated peace with England

How did the war affect the feudal system?

• It strengthened feudal relationships

• It led to its gradual decline

• It reformed the system completely

• It spread the system to other countries

What territorial outcome resulted from the war by 1453?

• England controlled most of France

• France retained only its southern territories

• England kept only the port of Calais in France

• Both nations divided France equally

What was a major linguistic consequence of the war in England?

• French remained the language of nobility

• Latin became more commonly used

• Celtic languages disappeared

• English replaced French in noble circles