Artificial Selection

What key term describes the following? The theory that explains how traits that help a species survive tend to be passed on to the next generation

• Evolutionary Adaptation
• Natural Selection
• Genetic Drift
• Species Variation

What are the three things necessary for natural selection to occur?

• Heritable Traits

• Variety in Genes

• Selective Breeding

• Overproduction of Offspring

Which of the following key terms matches the definition? When humans intervene to determine which genes are passed on to the next generation

• artificial selection

• mutation
• cloning
• natural selection

How are dogs an example of artificial selection?

• Dogs are examples of genetic mutations occurring in the wild.
• Dogs are only bred for their ability to hunt and retrieve.
• Dogs are a natural species that evolved without human intervention.
• Dogs have been selectively bred by humans for specific traits, demonstrating artificial selection.

How has artificial selection been used in farming?

• Farmers use artificial selection to eliminate all genetic diversity in livestock.
• Artificial selection has been used in farming to breed crops and livestock for specific traits, improving yield, disease resistance, and other desirable characteristics.
• Artificial selection is used to create genetically identical crops without any traits.
• Artificial selection has no impact on the yield or quality of farm products.

What are the downsides to selective breeding/ artificial selection?

• Increased biodiversity
• Improved animal welfare that allows animals to have a higher chance of surviving in nature.

• Reduced genetic diversity, increased risk of disease, potential health issues, and ethical concerns.
• Enhanced adaptability to environments

In the Selective Breeding worksheet slides, they talked about how selective breeding causes chicken cruelty. What are some of the negatives chickens have dealt with due to selective breeding?

• Increased egg production without any health risks
• Chickens become more aggressive and territorial
• Negatives include physical deformities, reduced lifespan, and health issues like heart problems and weakened immune systems.
• Improved feather quality and color variations

Why have humans selectively bred for small dogs and animals with squished faces?

• For hunting and herding purposes.
• To create larger and stronger breeds.
• So that they look more like our infants.

• To improve their ability to guard property.

Why is it not ethical to breed dogs and cats to be abnormally small?

• It causes the animals to suffer because of their small skeletons.

• Smaller pets require less food and care.
• Breeding small animals is a popular trend among pet owners.
• It is ethical because it makes them more adorable.

Why is it unethical to breed dogs and cats with smooshed faces?

• It is a popular trend among pet owners.
• It causes breathing problems in the animal.

• Smooshed faces are considered more attractive.
• Breeding them is a lucrative business opportunity.