Chapter 10: Global Inequality

Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies?

• Upper Class

• Middle Class*

• Lower Class

• The amount of people in each class has been about the same for the past 10 years.

How is global stratification different from social stratification?

• Global stratification only examines environmental inequalities among nations while social stratification examines inequalities among people.

• Global stratification can only measure the inequalities among purely democratic states, while social stratification can be expanded to apply to people in any country in the world.

• Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice and inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.

• Countries cannot move up and down the global stratification ladder, unlike people who can use social mobility to climb or fall down the social stratification ladder.

If a scholar associates continued economic challenges in Africa as an outcome of previous European colonialism, to which theoretical paradigm would they likely subscribe?

• Structural functionalism

• Symbolic interactionism

• Conflict theory*

• Feminist theory

How can improved education in one nation lead to deindustrialization in another?

• Greater education leads to higher wages

• International trade favors those nations with greater educational status

• Companies choose to begin selling to the more educated and highly paid people in the other nation.

• Companies relocate to nations as they gain skilled and educated workers.

Immanuel Wallerstein’s classification of nations uses which set of terms?

• super powers, allies of super powers, enemies of super powers

• primary nation, secondary nation, tertiary nation

• first world, second world, third world

• core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

Which statement explains why Immanuel Wallerstein’s classification is preferred by sociologist?

• Wallerstein’s classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric.

• Wallerstein’s classification uses the United States as a point of comparison so that people can understand what he is saying.

• The former Cold War era classifications are outdated and no longer accurately show the economic state of individual nations.

• Wallerstein’s classification is based more on sociological data than economic data, and because of that, applies to the field of sociology better than the Cold War era classification.

Why does U.S. companies continue outsourcing efforts despite their negative impacts on U.S. workers?

• Capital flight, caused by outsourcing, helps local economies thrive, so Americans are willing to make the trade off.

• Deindustrialization, also caused by outsourcing, is better for the environment, so Americans are in favor of it.

• Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to deliver those low prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers.*

• Companies find that the many U.S. restrictions on manufacturing can seriously disrupt production, which leads to profit loss, which in turn results in outsourcing.

Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation?

• Gross National Income per Capita*

• Gross Domestic Product

• Purchasing Power Parity

• Organization for Economic and Cooperative Development data

Which trend has the World Bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations?

• Equal numbers of men and women live in poverty.

• More men live in poverty than women.

• More women live in poverty than men.

• Children can avoid living in poverty if they live with their fathers.

88 million people live on less than $1.00 a day. These people are said to be living in __________.

• Subjective poverty

• Marginal poverty

• Absolute poverty*

• Relative poverty