Geologic Time

What is the significance of the K-T boundary?

• It marks the beginning of the Cretaceous period.

• It is associated with the mass extinction event that led to the demise of the dinosaurs.

• It signifies the end of the Jurassic period.

• It represents a major geological era in Earth's history.

What is the Law of Original Horizontality?

• The Law of Original Horizontality states that layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally under the action of gravity.

• The Law of Original Horizontality states that sediment layers are always deposited at an angle due to tectonic activity.

• The Law of Original Horizontality states that all sediment layers are formed from volcanic activity.

• The Law of Original Horizontality states that sediment layers are deposited in a vertical manner.

What is radiometric dating?

• A method to date materials by comparing the abundance of a radioactive isotope to its decay products.

• A technique used to measure the temperature of rocks.

• A process for determining the age of fossils based on their location in sedimentary layers.

• A way to estimate the speed of light in different mediums.

What is the difference between relative dating and absolute dating?

• Relative dating provides a specific age for a rock or fossil, while absolute dating determines the age in relation to other rocks and fossils.

• Relative dating determines the age of rocks and fossils in relation to one another, while absolute dating provides a specific age or date range for a rock or fossil.

• Relative dating is used only for fossils, while absolute dating is used for rocks.

• Relative dating and absolute dating are the same and provide identical information.

What are fossils?

• Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms, typically found in sedimentary rock.

• Remains of modern animals found in ice.

• Artifacts created by ancient human civilizations.

• Minerals that form in volcanic eruptions.

What types of organisms are most likely to become fossils?

• Soft parts of organisms, such as skin and muscle

• Hard parts of organisms, such as bones, teeth, and shells

• All types of organisms are equally likely to become fossils

• Only large organisms can become fossils

What is the principle of superposition in geology?

• In geology, the principle of superposition states that the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest layers are at the top.

• The principle of superposition states that all rock layers are of equal age.

• In geology, the principle of superposition indicates that layers of rock are formed simultaneously.

• The principle of superposition suggests that the top layer of rock is always the oldest.

What is the significance of the Cambrian Explosion?

• It marks the end of the dinosaur era.

• It refers to a period of rapid diversification of life forms, leading to the emergence of most major animal phyla.

• It is the time when the first plants appeared on land.

• It signifies the extinction of many marine species.

What is the estimated age of the Earth according to paleontologists?

• 3.2 billion years

• 4.6 billion years

• 5.8 billion years

• 2.1 billion years

What is the difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

• Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring, while artificial selection is the intentional breeding of organisms by humans for desired traits.

• Natural selection is the intentional breeding of organisms by humans, while artificial selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive.

• Natural selection occurs only in plants, while artificial selection occurs in animals.

• Natural selection is a random process, while artificial selection is a deliberate process controlled by environmental factors.