AP European History Unit 7

Art and music of the Romantic period...

• emphasized emotion and often nationalism

• was very similar to Renaissance

• focused on religion

• was very abstract

Answer explanation

The Romantic period in art and music emphasized deep emotion and often reflected nationalism, distinguishing it from earlier periods like the Renaissance, which focused more on harmony and proportion.

Two leaders of Italian unification, whom didn't get along, but agreed Italy should be independent of any foreign control.

• Cavour and Emmanuel

• Cavour and Bismarck

• Garibaldi and Emmanuel

• Garibaldi and Cavour

Answer explanation

Garibaldi and Cavour were both key figures in the Italian unification movement. Despite their differing methods and ideologies, they shared the common goal of achieving Italy's independence from foreign control.

Which of the following best describes the Concert of Europe?

• A system that promoted an economic union of Europe

• An group that governed the whole continent

• A group that worked to maintain the balance of power in Europe

• A wide-sweeping cultural movement

Answer explanation

The Concert of Europe was a diplomatic system established after the Napoleonic Wars, aimed at maintaining the balance of power among European nations to prevent conflicts and promote stability.

The theory that developed in the 19th century that helped many to justify imperializing countries around the world.

• Evolution

• Social Darwinism

• Nationalism

• Psychology

Answer explanation

Social Darwinism, a theory that emerged in the 19th century, applied Darwin's ideas of natural selection to societies, justifying imperialism by suggesting that stronger nations had the right to dominate weaker ones.

How was the Industrial Revolution an motivation for imperialism?

• Need for raw materials

• Need for more skilled labor

• Need for raw materials and markets to sell manufactured goods

• Need for more territory

Answer explanation

The Industrial Revolution created a demand for raw materials to fuel production and for markets to sell the surplus of manufactured goods, driving imperialist expansion to secure these resources and markets.

Which artistic movement, like the Northern Renaissance, focused on the day to day life of people?

• Romance

• Realism

• Modern

Answer explanation

Realism, like the Northern Renaissance, emphasizes everyday life and ordinary people, focusing on realistic depictions rather than idealized forms. This movement sought to portray life as it truly is.

Which of the following best defines nationalism

• Loyalty and pride in one's nation

• Loyalty to national leader

• Spread of a nation's ideas to another country

• Defining one nation or group as superior to another

Answer explanation

Nationalism is best defined as loyalty and pride in one's nation, emphasizing a strong emotional connection to one's country rather than allegiance to leaders or superiority over others.

What was a significant impact of the Romantic period on European society?

• Increased focus on scientific rationalism

• Heightened emphasis on individualism and emotion

• Greater adherence to classical forms and structures

• Decline in nationalistic sentiments

Who played a crucial role in the unification of Germany in the 19th century?

• Victor Emmanuel II

• Giuseppe Garibaldi

• Napoleon Bonaparte

• Otto von Bismarck

Which two European countries, each with a rich history of regional diversity and political fragmentation, successfully unified in the latter half of the 19th century, driven by strong nationalist movements and strategic diplomacy?

• France and Spain

• Italy and Germany

• Austria and Hungary

• England and Scotland

Answer explanation

Italy and Germany unified in the late 19th century, driven by nationalism and regional conflicts, contrasting with the other options which did not experience similar unification during this period.