Biology Final Exam

What is the process of photosynthesis?

• The process by which plants absorb nutrients from the soil.

• The process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

• The process of cellular respiration in animals.

• The process of water evaporation from plant leaves.

What is facilitated diffusion?

• Facilitated diffusion is the process of molecules diffusing through a protein channel along the concentration gradient.

• Facilitated diffusion is the movement of water molecules against the concentration gradient.

• Facilitated diffusion is the active transport of ions across a membrane.

• Facilitated diffusion is the process of molecules moving freely in a vacuum.

How many cells are produced at the end of mitosis?

• 1 haploid cell

• 2 diploid cells

• 4 haploid cells

• 2 haploid cells

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

• Ribosomes are responsible for energy production in the cell.

• Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptides.

• Ribosomes help in the replication of DNA.

• Ribosomes are involved in the transport of nutrients within the cell.

What is the structure of DNA?

• DNA is a single strand composed of amino acids.

• DNA is a double helix composed of nucleotides, which include a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

• DNA is a triple helix made of proteins.

• DNA is a circular structure found in prokaryotes.

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

• Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

• Enzymes are hormones that regulate metabolic processes in the body.

• Enzymes are structural proteins that provide support to cells.

• Enzymes are waste products of cellular metabolism.

What is osmosis?

• The movement of solutes from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

• The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.

• The process of active transport in cells.

• The absorption of nutrients through the digestive system.

What is active transport?

• The process of moving substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, which requires energy.

• The movement of substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration without energy.

• The passive movement of molecules across a cell membrane down their concentration gradient.

• The process of engulfing large particles into the cell using vesicles.

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

• Passive transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while active transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient.

• Passive transport moves substances against their concentration gradient without energy, while active transport moves substances down their concentration gradient with energy.

• Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

• Passive transport and active transport are the same processes that require energy.

If a cell has 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis?

• 20 chromosomes

• 22 chromosomes

• 24 chromosomes

• 26 chromosomes