DNA Mutations Vocabulary Review

3-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid

• codon

• anticodon

• tRNA

• rRNA

also called a substitution; occurs when one nucleotide is changed to another

• point mutation

• frameshift mutation

• inversion

• translocation

a change in the DNA code that results in amino acid production that stops too early

• missense

• silent

• frameshift

• nonsense

a change in the DNA code that results in no change to the amino acid sequence

• missense

• silent

• frameshift

• nonsense

a change in the DNA code that results in the wrong amino acid being added to the growing polypeptide chain

• missense

• silent

• frameshift

• nonsense

occurs when large amounts of nucleotides have been inserted, removed or changed

• chromosomal mutation

• mutation

• frameshift mutation

• nonsense mutation

any change in the DNA or RNA sequence

• mutagen

• mutation

• frameshift mutation

• nonsense mutation

anything in the environment, such as UV rays, X-rays, and chemicals that can cause a mutation

• mutagen

• transcription

• translation

• chromatin

occurs in the nucleus when a strand of RNA is made from a DNA template

• replication

• transcription

• translation

• protein production

3-nucleotide sequence on tRNA that detects the code from mRNA so the correct amino acid is attached to the polypeptide

• codon

• anticodon

• mutagen

• frameshift