IGCSE Human Gas Exchange

What are the groups of muscles situated between the ribs that are responsible for the movement of the ribs during breathing?

• Diaphragm

• Intercostal muscles

• Pleural membranes

• Trachea

What are the two airways branching from the trachea that lead into the lungs?

• Alveoli

• Bronchi

• Bronchioles

• Capillaries

What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs that serve as the gaseous exchange surface?

• Alveoli

• Bronchi

• Bronchioles

• Capillaries

What is the windpipe connecting the lungs to the mouth and nose?

• Diaphragm

• Intercostal muscles

• Pleural membranes

• Trachea

What is the muscle separating the thorax and the abdomen?

• Diaphragm

• Intercostal muscles

• Pleural membranes

• Trachea

What are the small airways branching from the bronchi in each lung?

• Alveoli

• Bronchi

• Bronchioles

• Capillaries

What are the airtight membranes covering the lungs and the chest wall?

• Diaphragm

• Intercostal muscles

• Pleural membranes

• Trachea

What type of blood vessels are the alveoli covered with?

• Veins

• Arteries

• Capillaries

• Lymphatics

What gas can diffuse into the blood from the air in the lungs?

• Nitrogen

• Carbon monoxide

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen dioxide

What process requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide as a waste product?

• Anaerobic respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Aerobic respiration

• Evaporation