Thermodynamics Unit-1

When a system undergoes an isothermal process, what remains constant?

• Enthalpy

• Entropy

• Internal Energy

• None of the above

Which law states that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder object to a hotter object?

• Zero

• First

• Second

• Third

The chemical potential of a component in a solution is directly related to its:

• Latent heat

• Pressure

• Concentration

• Entropy

For a single-component system with two phases in equilibrium, how many degrees of freedom exist?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• None of the above

According to the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, how does increasing temperature affect the vapor pressure of a liquid?

• No change

• Increases

• Decreases

• Unpredictable

Consider the reaction: 2 A + B → C + 3 D. Based on the law of mass action, the rate expression for forward reaction can be written as:

• k [A] [B]

• k [A]² [B]

• 
  k 2[A] [B]

• k [C] [D]³

During a phase transition, what happens to the temperature of the substance undergoing the change?

• Cannot say

• Remains constant

• Increases

• Decreases

Which of the following is NOT a Maxwell relation?

• (∂U/∂V)_T = (∂P/∂T)_V

• (∂T/∂V)_S = -(∂P/∂S)_V

• (∂T/∂P)_S = (∂V/∂S)_P

• (∂S/∂V)_T = (∂P/∂T)_V

Which of the following represents the correct relationship between Gibbs free energy (G), enthalpy (H), temperature (T), and entropy (S)?

• G = H + TS

• G = H - TS

• G = U + PV - TS

• G = U - PV + TS

The Third Law of Thermodynamics states:

• Energy is conserved.

• Entropy of an isolated system always increases.

• Heat flows spontaneously from a hotter to a colder body.

• As temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches zero value.