16.3 DNA Replication

What is the primary reason for DNA replication during cell division?

• To repair damaged DNA

• To ensure each daughter cell receives a copy of DNA

• To create new proteins

• To produce energy for the cell

When does DNA replication occur?

• Interphase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Cytokinesis

Why is DNA replication described as semi-conservative?

• Each new DNA molecule contains two new strands

• Each new DNA molecule contains one old and one new strand

• Each new DNA molecule contains two old strands

• Each new DNA molecule is different from the original

In DNA replication, the DNA is first unzipped and then new nitrogenous bases are added to each of the original strands. This is called a _______ because half of the original DNA is preserved in each new strand.

• Dispersive process

• Semi-conservative process

• Conservative process

• Repetitive process

The steps for DNA replication are listed below. Which step is incorrect?

Step 1: DNA unwinds in the cytoplasm

Step 2: Complimentary base pairs are used as a template

Step 3: DNA rewinds back together

Step 4: Two identical DNA molecules are formed

• Step 1 is incorrect because DNA does not unwind in the cytoplasm, instead it unwinds in the nucleus

• Step 2 is incorrect because complementary base pairs are removed and not added

• Step 3 is incorrect because DNA remains unwound

• Step 4 is incorrect because the resulting DNA molecules are different from the original

Given the following DNA sequence, what is the complementary strand?

Original DNA strand: ATG-CAT-AGG

• ATG-CAT-AGG

• TAG-GTA-TGC

• TAG-GTA-TCC

• UAG-GUA-UCC

What is the relationship between DNA replication and the conservation of genetic information?

• Conservation of genetic information happens when both strands of DNA are formed through and released from the nucleus.

• The genetic information carried by both strands of the original DNA molecule is first conserved, then removed from the DNA molecule once it replicates.

• DNA replication results in one copy of the original DNA molecule, and this single copy conserves all of the genetic information from the DNA molecule.

• DNA replication results in two copies of the original DNA molecule, and each copy conserves the genetic information from one half of the DNA molecule.

Which of following correctly describes DNA after replication has occurred and explains why replication is important to a cell?

• DNA replication creates 2 molecules one that is identical to the old strand and one that is unique. Replication is important because it increases the genetic diversity of the population and allows for variation in traits.

• DNA replication creates 2 molecules each with one original DNA strand and one new DNA strand. Replication is important because it uses a semi-conservative replication that allows the cell to make exact copies of its DNA.

• DNA replication creates 2 molecules each with one original DNA strand and one new DNA strand. Replication is important as this is how eukaryotic cells produce proteins that control important bodily functions.

• DNA replication creates 2 molecules that are different from the original strand. Replication is important to cells because it allows parents to pass on identical traits to their offspring using the unique DNA strands

During the process of DNA replication, the nitrogen bases pair in a specific way. Which of the following statements correctly describes the pairing of the nitrogen bases during this process?

• Adenine pairs with uracil

• Guanine pairs with thymine

• Adenine pairs with thymine

• Cytosine pairs with uracil

How does DNA replication ensure the transmission of genetic information with high accuracy from one generation to the next?

• DNA replication occurs in the same direction for both strands, minimizing errors

• Replication only occurs at specific regions of the genome to avoid errors

• The leading strand is synthesized slower than the lagging strand, preventing mutations

• DNA polymerase has proofreading activity that allows it to correct mistakes during replication