Unidad 8: Soluciones

Polar

• A molecule with a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds.

• A molecule that has no net dipole moment.

• A molecule that is symmetrical in shape.

• A molecule that can only form ionic bonds.

Unsaturated

insaturado

• A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

• A solution that has reached its maximum solute capacity.

• A solution that contains no solute at all.

• A solution that can only dissolve solid solutes.

Solubility

solubilidad

• The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.

• The measure of how much solute can be dissolved in a solution.

• The temperature at which a substance melts.

• The process of separating a mixture into its components.

Kinetic Energy

energía cinética

• The energy an object possesses due to its motion.

• The energy stored in an object at rest.

• The energy released during a chemical reaction.

• The energy associated with the position of an object.

Homogeneous Mixture

mezcla homogénea

• A mixture that has the same uniform appearance and composition throughout. Example: Gatorade is a homogeneous mixture, it is evenly mixed throughout.

• A mixture that contains different substances that are not uniformly distributed. Example: Salad is a heterogeneous mixture.

• A mixture that can be easily separated into its components. Example: Sand and salt mixture.

• A mixture that has a variable composition and can change over time. Example: Air is a variable mixture.

Nonpolar

no polar

• A molecule in which the electrons are shared equally between the nuclei.

• A molecule that has a positive and a negative end.

• A molecule that is always symmetrical.

• A molecule that cannot dissolve in water.

Percent Composition

composición porcentual

• The total mass of a compound.

• The percentage by mass of each element in a compound.

• The volume of a solution divided by the mass of solute.

• The ratio of solute to solvent in a solution.

Colligative Property

propiedad coligativa

• A property that depends on the identity of solute particles.

• A property of a solution that depends on the number of solute particles, not their identity.

• A property that only affects the boiling point of a solution.

• A property that is only relevant in gaseous solutions.

Parts per million (ppm)

partes por millón

• describes the concentration of a solute in a solution.

• measures the temperature of a solution.

• indicates the volume of a solution.

• represents the weight of a solute in a solution.

Solvent

solvente

• A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

• The substance in which the solute is dissolved to form a solution.

• A type of chemical reaction.

• A solid that forms from a solution.