Thermal Energy Review

In which state are particles close together, but still able to slide past one another easily?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A class studied two samples with different temperatures. After the two samples touched, they noticed that the Kinetic Energy for Sample B changed. What explanation best explains what happened?

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, which statement is correct?

• Kinetic Energy from Sample B was destroyed.

• Kinetic Energy was transferred from Sample B to Sample A.

• Kinetic Energy was created in Sample A.

• Kinetic Energy was Created in Sample A and lost in Sample B.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

If Sample A and Sample B are the same mass and were left open in a room whose air temperature was 21°C, what do you predict would happen to the temperature in both cups after a week and why?

• Sample A and Sample B would continually trade temperatures due to Radiation.

• Sample B would still be warmer than Sample A due to its higher starting Thermal Energy.

• Both samples would be colder than they started due to Conduction.

• Both samples would be at the same temperature as the air due to energy transfer, then eventual Thermal Equilibrium.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which statement is correct regarding the energy transfer between Sample A and Sample B?

• Sample A and Sample B would continually trade temperatures due to Radiation.

• Sample B would still be warmer than Sample A due to its higher starting Thermal Energy.

• Both samples would be colder than they started due to Conduction.

• Both samples would be at the same temperature as the air due to energy transfer, then eventual Thermal Equilibrium.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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A science class is split into Team A and Team B to investigate heat transfer and temperature. Both teams receive a plastic bucket filled with the same amount of room-temperature water. Team A receives 1 cup of ice, while Team B receives 2 cups of ice. The teams are instructed to pour their ice into the buckets of water, wait 3 minutes, and then measure the temperature of the water. Which results do you expect the teams to find?

• Team B’s water will be colder than Team A’s water.

• Team A’s water will be colder than Team B’s water.

• Team A’s water and Team B’s water will be the same temperature.

• The water temperature for both Team A and Team B will remain unchanged.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A scientist is preparing to conduct an experiment. To start the experiment, he will fill a container with water that will be heated to 80 degrees Celsius. He has several containers to choose from. The scientist wants to select the container that, when filled with water, will take the least amount of energy to heat to this temperature. Container | Size (in milliliters, mL) 1 | 25 mL 2 | 50 mL 3 | 100 mL 4 | 250 mL Which container should the scientist use to heat the water?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Students are planning an investigation into temperature and energy transfer. They understand that particles move at different speeds depending on their temperature because of their difference in kinetic energy. They also know that heat is the amount of kinetic energy that is transferred from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature. They make the following drawing to use as a guide for their investigation. Which of the following investigations will best support the concept of heat?

• placing cold water into a container that has been frozen overnight to keep it cold

• using potholders to handle a variety of frozen metal objects so the heat from a person’s hands does not transfer

• taking several samples of unknown liquid substances and measuring their temperatures to see which is hottest

• observing how a room temperature plate becomes warmer or cooler when hot or cold food is placed onto the plate

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Which activity demonstrates how heat transfer occurs?

• placing cold water into a container that has been frozen overnight to keep it cold

• using potholders to handle a variety of frozen metal objects so the heat from a person’s hands does not transfer

• taking several samples of unknown liquid substances and measuring their temperatures to see which is hottest

• observing how a room temperature plate becomes warmer or cooler when hot or cold food is placed onto the plate

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student claims that thermal energy transfers between objects. Which of the following will test the student’s claim?

• Place a glass of room temperature water out on the counter, and monitor its temperature.

• Place ice cubes into a mug of hot chocolate, and watch as the hot chocolate melts the ice cubes.

• Place a slice of room-temperature bread in a toaster, and monitor the temperature of the toaster.

• Place a container of ice cream in the freezer, and watch as the freezer keeps the ice cream from melting.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4