Ch 2 Text Dependent Questions

What was the main idea of Alfred Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis?

• It explained how continents are formed.

• It described how continents fit together like puzzle pieces.

• It detailed the age of the Earth.

• It discussed the life cycles of fossils.

Which force did Wegener's hypothesis fail to explain?

• The force that causes earthquakes.

• The force that moves continents.

• The force that creates mountains.

• The force that affects ocean currents.

What role did seismic waves play in understanding Earth's interior?

• They helped scientists create maps of the oceans.

• They revealed the types of rocks on the surface.

• They allowed scientists to identify Earth's layers.

• They demonstrated how fossils are formed.

How do scientists define the mantle?

• The outer layer of the Earth made of liquid.

• The solid inner core of very hot metal.

• Earth's largest layer, made of very hot, dense rock.

• The thin, rocky layer above the crust.

What was significant about mid-ocean ridges according to the text?

• They are the deepest parts of the ocean.

• They are where new oceanic crust is formed.

• They contain the oldest rocks on Earth.

• They are places where earthquakes are most frequent.

What evidence did scientists find to support the theory of seafloor spreading?

• Rocks at the edges of mid-ocean ridges are older than those near the rift.

• Rocks collected from mid-ocean ridges were identical in age.

• Rocks farther away from the rift were older than those closer.

• All rocks from the mid-ocean ridges were made of granite.

What process occurs when tectonic plates collide?

• Molten rock flows up from the mantle.

• The crust crumples and creates mountains.

• New crust is formed.

• Plates slide smoothly past one another.

According to the text, what happens at deep ocean trenches?

• Crust is formed from lava.

• Crust is destroyed as it sinks into the mantle.

• Earthquakes occur frequently.

• New continents are formed.

Who was Inge Lehmann and what was her contribution to geology?

• She discovered mid-ocean ridges.

• She theorized about the movement of tectonic plates.

• She identified that Earth has a solid inner core and a liquid outer core.

• She studied the fossils found in sediments.

What did the theory of plate tectonics help explain?

• The behavior of ocean currents.

• How continents have slowly rearranged over millions of years.

• The formation of volcanic islands.

• The existence of different climate zones on Earth.