Unit 4: Earth Systems

Which of the following is NOT true about the geosphere?

• • It includes all rock material on Earth.

• • It is made up entirely of solid material.

• • It contains iron, magnesium, and oxygen.

• • It is made up of the crust, mantle, and core.

Which of the following describes the Earth’s mantle?

• • It is the thinnest, coolest layer of the geosphere.

• • It is the densest, innermost layer of the geosphere.

• • It is the hot, solid, middle layer of the geosphere.

• • It is the least dense, outermost layer of the geosphere.

When objects transfer energy through touch, that process is called _______.

• • radiation

• • convection

• conduction

• • densification

If a foam block floats in a container of syrup but a lead weight sinks, which is the LEAST dense material?

• • foam

• • syrup

• • lead

• • The materials are equally dense.

What is magma?

• • any volcanic rock

• • any rock in the core

• • solid rock inside the Earth

• • liquid rock inside the Earth

Which is NOT a process in a convection cell in the mantle?

• • Cooler, denser rock sinks due to gravity.

• • The rock cools as it approaches the core.

• • Hotter, less dense rock rises towards the crust.

• • The rock is cooled through proximity to the crust.

The hydrosphere is _______ salt water.

• • losing

• • only 3%

• • about half

• • mostly made up of

Which of these is an example of radiation?

• • Solar energy heats up water in the shallows of a lake.

• • Wind gathers warm water vapor from the ocean surface.

• • Geothermal vents on the ocean floor heat up the surrounding water.

• • A current coming from the equator brings warm waters to the poles.

The sun provides ________ the Earth’s interior to the hydrosphere.

• • less energy than

• • more energy than

• • as much energy as

• • a negligible amount of energy when compared to

Deep currents are __________.

• • not cold. Surface currents are cold.

• • cold because cold water is denser than warm water so it sinks.

• • cold because the water becomes cold after it sinks due to conduction.

• • cold because cold water is less dense than warm water so it sinks.