Leading Questions

What is a leading question?

• A question that is rhetorical

• A question that suggests a desired answer

• A question that is open-ended

In the Loftus and Palmer (1974) study, which word led to the highest speed estimates?

• Contacted

• Bumped

• Collided

• Smashed

Our memory of a crime is often affected by...

• the encoding specificity principle

• our schemas

• observational learning

A leading question changes our...

• memory of the event

• the answers we give when questioned

The aim of Loftus and Palmer's study was to investigate the effects of...

• leading questions on the accuracy of EWT

• leading questions on the reliability of EWT

• post-event discussion on the accuracy of EWT

• post-event discussion on the reliability of EWT

Which experimental design did Loftus and Palmer use?

• Lab experiment

• Quasi experiment

• Independent measures

• Repeated measures

Loftus and Palmer's study used 45 American students, this is a problem because it's not...

• applicable to real life EWT

• generalisable to people of different ages

• a valid explanation of EWT

• a reliable explanation of EWT

The participants watched a video of a car crash, this is a problem because people may be less anxious than witnessing a real accident, this means the study lacks...

• Ecological validity

• Real world application

• Generalisability

• Internal validity

In Loftus and Palmer's second study, they asked participants lots of questions about the video, not just 'did you see any broken glass'. This is good because...

• It would reduce demand characteristics

• It would avoid investigator bias

• It would control for order effects

• It would reduce social desirability bias

Loftus and Palmer used a control group to...

• establish cause and effect

• make sure the study was reliable

• control for order effects

• avoid researcher bias