Classical Conditioning

Classical conditioning applies to behavior and mental processes by:

• associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response

• using reinforcement and punishment to increase or decrease a behavior

• observing and imitating the behavior of others

• analyzing the underlying cognitive processes

The behavioral perspective focuses on what instead of mysterious, unseen mental processes?

• Observable behaviors

• Cognitive functions

• Emotional responses

• Unconscious thoughts

How are observed behaviors described in the behavioral perspective?

• As innate traits

• As learned responses

• As genetic predispositions

• As random actions

What does acquisition/association in classical conditioning involve?

• Repeated pairings of the Conditioned Stimulus (CS) and the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

• Pairing food with a bell

• Using a single stimulus

• No pairing of stimuli

What is an Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) in classical conditioning?

• A learned response to a stimulus

• A naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary and unlearned response

• A stimulus that requires training to elicit a response

• A voluntary response to a stimulus

In classical conditioning, what is a conditioned stimulus (CS)?

• A stimulus that naturally triggers a response

• A previously neutral stimulus that becomes able to produce a conditioned response after pairing with an unconditioned stimulus

• A stimulus that is unrelated to any response

• A response that occurs naturally without any conditioning.

What was the name given to the 9-month-old child in the Little Albert Experiment?

• Albert B

• Albie

• Little Albie

• Albert Jr.

In the Little Albert Experiment, what is the UCR?

• A) The white rat

• B) Albert crying

• C) The loud noise

• D) Learned through association.

Fill in the blank: In the Little Albert Experiment, CS = ________.

• The white rat

• The loud noise

• The laboratory

• The experimenter

What is the CR in the Little Albert Experiment?

• A) The loud noise

• B) Albert crying

• C) The white rat

• D) Naturally occurring response.