Stats: Modeling the World - Part 5 Vocabulary

• Sample proportion

• Sampling distribution

• Sample mean

• Standard error

The sampling distribution model of the sample mean or proportion from a random sample is approximately Normal for large n, regardless of the distribution of the population, as long as the observations are independent

• Sampling Variability

• Null hypothesis

• Central Limit Theorem

• Standard error

Estimating the standard deviation of a sampling distribution using statistics found from the data

• Sampling variability

• Standard error

• Effect size

• Confidence Interval

In a confidence interval, the extent of the interval on either side of the observed statistic value - found by multiplying a critical value of the sampling distribution and the standard error.

• Sample proportion

• Standard deviation of a mean

• Significance level

• Margin of error

Based upon the hypothesis that the proportion is the same in two different groups, we estimate the common proportion by combining the data from our two samples

• Power

• Standard error

• Pooling

• Sample proportion

The difference between the null hypothesis value and the true value of a model parameter

• Standard error

• Effect size

• Significance Level

• P-value

Rejecting a null hypothesis when in fact it is true

• Type I Error

• Type II Error

• Power

• Alternate hypothesis

When the P-value falls below the alpha level

• Statistically significant

• Sampling variability

• Power

• Effect size

• P-value

• Alpha level

• Critical Value

• Power

The difference we expect to see from one random sample to another

• Sampling distribution

• Margin of Error

• Sampling variability

• Effect size