AP Unit 1: Foundations of the American Republic

What is the primary purpose of government according to John Locke?

• a) To control the economy
• b) To protect natural rights
• c) To enforce religious laws
• d) To expand national territory

The concept of "rule of law" ensures that:

• a) The government is above the law
• b) All individuals and institutions are accountable to laws
• c) Monarchs have unchecked authority
• d) Laws can be ignored by powerful officials

Which document first established the idea that even the monarch must obey the law?

• a) The U.S. Constitution
• b) The Magna Carta
• c) The English Bill of Rights
• d) The Articles of Confederation

A federal system of government is characterized by:

• a) Centralized power in a national government
• b) Power divided between national and state governments
• c) Power resting entirely with state governments
• d) A government controlled by religious leaders

Montesquieu is best known for advocating:

• a) A direct democracy
• b) Separation of powers
• c) Divine right of kings
• d) Rule by an elite aristocracy

The Articles of Confederation created a government that:

• a) Strongly centralized power
• b) Had a weak central government
• c) Allowed for a monarchy
• d) Granted unlimited power to the president

The Great Compromise resulted in:

• a) A unicameral legislature
• b) A Congress with two houses
• c) Equal representation for all states in both houses
• d) A strong executive branch

The Three-Fifths Compromise determined that:

• a) Each state would have an equal number of votes
• b) Three-fifths of enslaved people would be counted for representation
• c) The president would serve a three-fifths term
• d) Only three-fifths of states needed to ratify the Constitution

The Federalist Papers were written to:

• a) Oppose the U.S. Constitution
• b) Support the ratification of the Constitution
• c) Establish the Bill of Rights
• d) Encourage rebellion against the government

Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting laws?

• a) Legislative
• b) Executive
• c) Judicial
• d) Bureaucratic