Chemistry Worksheet

What do subscripts in a chemical formula represent?

• The number of atoms of each element in a compound

• The type of chemical bond present

• The overall charge of the compound

• The molecular weight of the compound

If sodium (Na) transfers an electron to chlorine (Cl), what type of ions are formed and how do they interact?

• Sodium forms a cation and chlorine forms an anion, which attract each other due to opposite charges.

• Sodium and chlorine both become neutral atoms and repel each other.

• Sodium forms a covalent bond with chlorine by sharing electrons.

• Sodium loses a proton and becomes a neutral atom while chlorine gains an electron.

What is the primary mechanism through which an ionic bond is formed?

• Transfer of electrons

• Sharing of electrons

• Formation of covalent bonds

• Creation of metallic bonds

Describe the significance of valence electrons in chemical bonding.

• Valence electrons are crucial as they dictate how atoms bond to achieve stability through electron transfer or sharing.

• Valence electrons are irrelevant in chemical bonding.

• Valence electrons only affect ionic bonds, not covalent bonds.

• Valence electrons are only important in metals.

Describe how the structure of metallic bonding contributes to the properties of metals.

• The delocalized electrons allow metals to conduct electricity and deform without breaking, leading to malleability and ductility.

• The fixed arrangement of atoms prevents any movement, making metals brittle.

• The presence of ionic bonds gives metals their high melting points.

• The covalent nature of bonding makes metals poor conductors of electricity.

What are the two primary ways that compounds can form between atoms?

• Electron transfer and sharing

• Nuclear fusion and fission

• Chemical precipitation and evaporation

• Sublimation and condensation

Describe the significance of completing the octet in the context of chemical bonding.

• Completing the octet is significant because it leads to stable electron configurations, which drive atoms to bond with others.

• Completing the octet is significant because it allows atoms to lose electrons easily.

Describe the conditions under which hydrogen exhibits a -1 oxidation state.

• Hydrogen exhibits a -1 oxidation state when bonded to a metal.

• Hydrogen exhibits a -1 oxidation state when in a gas phase.

• Hydrogen exhibits a -1 oxidation state in acidic solutions.

• Hydrogen exhibits a -1 oxidation state when it is ionized.

Describe the role of polyatomic ions in the formation of magnesium nitrate from magnesium and nitrate.

• Polyatomic ions, such as nitrate, combine with metal ions like magnesium to form compounds like magnesium nitrate.

• Polyatomic ions are only found in gaseous states and do not participate in reactions.

• Polyatomic ions are formed only from nonmetals and cannot bond with metals.

• Polyatomic ions do not affect the outcome of chemical reactions.

Describe the naming convention for polyatomic ions when they are part of a chemical compound.

• Polyatomic ions retain their original names, typically ending in 'ate' or 'ite', without changing these suffixes in compounds.

• Polyatomic ions are named by adding 'ion' to the end of their names.

• Polyatomic ions are named by changing their suffixes to 'ide' when forming compounds.

• Polyatomic ions are given entirely new names when they form compounds.