DNA & Mutations

Deoxyribonucleic acid is also referred to as

• RNA

• DOA

• DBA

• DNA

______________________________________________________ are changes in an organism’s genetic material.

• mutations

• migrations

• mutants

• monsters

The directions in our genes allow us to make ______ that carry out specific tasks.

• protein

• protoplasm

• DNA

• cells

Mutations can be

• good

• bad

• have no effect

• all of the above

Humans have ____ chromosomes.

• 57
• 22
• 46
• 100

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by a mutation in a gene and results in an inability to digest certain foods. Children born with PKU must eat a special diet or they will develop symptoms of the disorder such as seizures, smaller-sized heads, and learning disabilities. PKU is inherited as a recessive trait.

Which statement correctly pairs an argument about the mutation with evidence that supports the argument?

• The mutation is harmful. PKU is inherited as a recessive trait.

• The mutation is harmful. Individuals with PKU can have severe health problems.

• The mutation is neutral. PKU can be managed with a strict diet.

• The mutation is beneficial. Individuals with PKU have smaller-sized heads.

Which mutation is considered beneficial?

• a mutation that shortens the life span of an animal

• a mutation that is corrected by cell processes before proteins are produced

• a mutation that increases the hunting ability of an animal

• a mutation that results in the production of the original protein

A substitution mutation occurs when

• a base pair is missing from the DNA strand

• a base pair is added to the DNA strand

• a base pair is replaced with a different base pair

An insertion/additon mutation occurs when

• a base pair is missing from the DNA strand

• a base pair is added to the DNA strand

• a base pair is replaced with a different base pair

A deletion mutation occurs when

• a base pair is missing from the DNA strand

• a base pair is added to the DNA strand

• a base pair is replaced with a different base pair