DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Practice Test

Which organelle is DNA usually found in?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

What is a mutation?

• A change in the protein structure of a cell.

• An alteration in the base sequence of a gene.

• A process of cell division.

• A type of genetic disorder.

Which nucleic acid carries amino acids to the ribosomes?

• mRNA (messenger RNA)

• rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

• tRNA (transfer RNA)

• snRNA (small nuclear RNA)

What is the process of translation?

• A process where DNA is replicated

• The process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

• A method of cellular respiration

• The process of converting proteins into amino acids.

What are the building blocks of proteins?

• Nucleotides

• Fatty acids

• Amino acids

• Monosaccharides

What is a gene?

• A segment of RNA that codes for a protein.

• A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.

• A type of enzyme that helps in DNA replication.

• A molecule that carries genetic information from one generation to another.

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is single-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is double-stranded and contains uracil.

• DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

• DNA contains ribose sugar, while RNA contains deoxyribose sugar.

• DNA is found in the nucleus, while RNA is found in the cytoplasm.

What are the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA?

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil

• Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Adenine

What molecule is formed when amino acids are bonded together?

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic Acid

Define transcription in the context of protein synthesis.

• Transcription is the process of translating mRNA into protein.

• Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

• Transcription is the process of synthesizing DNA from RNA.

• Transcription is the process of modifying proteins after synthesis.