Science Physics Definition 5086

Convection

• The process of energy transfer by means of convection currents of a fluid due to a difference in density.

• The transfer of energy through direct contact between materials.

• The movement of energy through electromagnetic waves.

• The process of energy transfer through solid materials without movement.

Mass

• The amount of energy in a body.

• The amount of matter in a body.

• The weight of an object in a vacuum.

• The volume occupied by an object.

Frequency

• The number of complete waves produced per second.

• The distance between two consecutive peaks of a wave.

• The speed at which a wave travels through a medium.

• The amplitude of a wave measured from its rest position.

Internal energy

• An energy store made up of the total kinetic energy and total potential energy between particles and the system.

• The energy associated with the motion of an object only.

• The energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules.

• The energy required to change the temperature of a substance.

Weight

• The measure of an object's mass.

• The gravitational force acting on an object that has mass.

• The total amount of matter in an object.

• The resistance of an object to changes in its state of motion.

Wave speed

• The distance travelled by a wave per second.

• The frequency of a wave multiplied by its wavelength.

• The amplitude of a wave divided by its period.

• The total energy carried by a wave per unit time.

Velocity

• Defined as the rate of change of displacement.

• A measure of how fast an object is moving in a straight line.

• The total distance traveled divided by the total time taken.

• The speed of an object in a specific direction.

Period of a simple pendulum

• The distance traveled by the pendulum in one swing.

• The time taken for one complete oscillation.

• The maximum height reached by the pendulum.

• The speed of the pendulum at its lowest point.

Longitudinal wave

• A wave with a direction of vibration perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.

• A wave that travels in a circular motion.

• A wave with a direction of vibration parallel to the direction of wave travel.

• A wave that does not require a medium to travel.

Electromotive Force (e.m.f)

• The energy stored in a battery.

• The work done by the source in driving a unit charge round a complete circuit.

• The resistance offered by a conductor.

• The voltage drop across a resistor.