02 - Theories of Self-Development

What is one of the main focuses of psychologists according to the text?

• The role of society in shaping behavior

• Cultural norms and interactions

• Mental health and emotional processes

• Social institutions and their impact

Who was the first to make the distinction between social and psychological causes in research?

• Sigmund Freud

• Émile Durkheim

• Carl Jung

• B.F. Skinner

According to the text, what do sociologists tend to focus on?

• Inward mental processes

• Individual mental development

• Outward social interactions and norms

• Personal emotional health

What is a key difference between sociology and psychology as mentioned in the text?

• Sociology focuses on individual mental processes

• Psychology studies cultural norms

• Sociology examines the role of society in behavior

• Psychology is concerned with social institutions

Who was one of the pioneering contributors to sociological perspectives on self-development?

• George Herbert Mead

• Sigmund Freud

• Charles Cooley

• Jean Piaget

What is the term used by Charles Cooley to describe the process of self-understanding based on how others view us?

• The social self

• The looking glass self

• The reflective self

• The mirrored self

According to George Herbert Mead, what is necessary for an individual to engage in the process of 'self'?

• Imitation of others

• Viewing oneself through the eyes of others

• Playing different roles

• Understanding societal norms

During which stage do children begin to take on the role that one other person might have, according to Mead?

• Preparatory stage

• Play stage

• Game stage

• Generalized other stage

What do children learn during the game stage of development?

• Imitation of adults

• Role-playing

• Considering several roles and their interactions

• Understanding societal norms

What are the three levels of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg?

• Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional

• Initial, Intermediate, Advanced

• Basic, Intermediate, Complex

• Primary, Secondary, Tertiary