Unit 3: Electricity, Magnetism, & Energy

Generator

• A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

• A machine that stores electrical energy for later use.

• A dynamo or similar machine for converting mechanical energy into electricity.

• A tool used for measuring electrical current.

Thermal Energy

• A form of energy that is produced by the movement of atoms and molecules due to temperature rise.

• A type of energy that is only found in liquids.

• Energy that is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds.

• A form of energy that is not related to temperature changes.

Radioactive Decay

• A process where a nucleus transforms into one or more different nuclei and emits radiation.

• A method of nuclear fusion that combines nuclei to release energy.

• A chemical reaction that involves the rearrangement of atoms without changing the nuclei.

• A physical change that alters the state of matter without affecting the nucleus.

Current

• A quantity representing the rate of flow of electric charge, usually measured in amperes.

• A measure of the voltage in a circuit.

• The total resistance in a circuit.

• The power consumed by an electrical device.

Voltage

• A measure of electric current in amperes.

• An electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts.

• The resistance of a circuit measured in ohms.

• The power consumed by an electrical device measured in watts.

Specific Heat

• The heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree).

• The total heat energy contained in a substance.

• The amount of heat needed to change a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point.

• The heat required to change the temperature of a substance without changing its state.

Phase Change

• A change in the state of matter of a sample.

• A process that involves the absorption of heat only.

• A reaction that produces a gas from a solid without passing through a liquid state.

• A transformation that occurs only at absolute zero temperature.

Fusion

• A process where atomic nuclei of high atomic number split into lighter nuclei releasing energy.

• A nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy.

• A chemical reaction that involves the combination of two or more substances to form a new substance.

• A physical change where matter changes from one state to another without altering its chemical composition.

Mechanical Energy

• Power that an object gets from its position and motion.

• Energy that is stored in an object due to its shape.

• Energy that is transferred through heat.

• Energy that is produced by chemical reactions.

Beta Decay

• A type of radioactive decay where a proton is emitted.

• Radioactive decay in which an electron is emitted.

• A process where a neutron is converted into a proton and an electron.

• A decay process that involves the emission of gamma rays.