DNA is the instructions for the cell. If it is in the nucleus, how do the instructions get into the cytoplasm and to the organelles?

mRNA carries the instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm and ribosomes.

The instructions for the cell do not have to get into the cytoplasm.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a copy of the instructions contained in DNA and it can move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

DNA directly enters the cytoplasm from the nucleus.

What is a chromosomal mutation?

A chromosomal mutation is a change in the structure or number of chromosomes.

A chromosomal mutation is an alteration in the protein structure.

A chromosomal mutation is a type of genetic disorder.

A chromosomal mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence only.

What process takes place immediately before translation?

Post-Transcriptional Modification

When in the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

During the S phase of the cell cycle.

During the G2 phase of the cell cycle.

During the M phase of the cell cycle.

During the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Describe the process of replication.

Replication is the process of copying DNA, occurring in the nucleus (eukaryotes) or cytoplasm (prokaryotes) using the enzyme DNA polymerase.

Replication occurs only in the mitochondria using RNA polymerase.

DNA replication happens during cell division in the ribosome.

The enzyme used in replication is helicase, and it occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Mutagens are substances or factors that cause mutations in DNA.

Mutagens are substances that repair DNA damage.

Mutagens are only found in certain types of food.

Mutagens are always beneficial to organisms.

What is Frameshift mutation?

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides that shift the reading frame of the DNA sequence.

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation that only involves the addition of nucleotides without deletion.

A frameshift mutation occurs only due to substitutions of nucleotides.

A frameshift mutation is a type of point mutation that does not affect the reading frame.

What are the key differences between DNA and RNA?

Key differences: DNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose, uses thymine; RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose, uses uracil.

DNA is single-stranded, contains ribose, uses uracil; RNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose, uses thymine.

DNA contains uracil, while RNA contains thymine; both are double-stranded.

DNA and RNA both contain deoxyribose and are single-stranded.

What is the structure of DNA? Describe at least 2 elements.

The structure of DNA is a double helix made of nucleotides, which include a phosphate group, a sugar, and nitrogenous bases.

DNA is a single strand made of amino acids.

The structure of DNA is a triple helix with only sugars.

DNA consists of proteins and lipids as its main components.

Describe the process of transcription.

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA using RNA polymerase, occurring in the nucleus.

Transcription is the process of translating mRNA into DNA using DNA polymerase in the cytoplasm.

Transcription occurs in the mitochondria and involves the enzyme ribosome.

Transcription is the synthesis of proteins from amino acids in the nucleus.

What are the 3 stages of Transcription?

Initiation, Elongation, Termination

Replication, Modification, Separation

Binding, Processing, Completion

Describe the process of translation.

Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA, occurring in the cytoplasm.

Translation is the process of converting DNA into RNA in the ribosome.

Translation synthesizes carbohydrates from amino acids in the mitochondria.

Translation occurs in the nucleus during DNA replication.

Describe the process of translation.

Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA, occurring in the cytoplasm.

Translation occurs in the nucleus during DNA replication.

Translation is the process of breaking down proteins into amino acids.

Translation synthesizes carbohydrates from DNA.

An RNA sequence is shown below. AUGCCGAAACGU Which of the following statements describes how the RNA sequence specifies the production of an amino acid chain?

The RNA sequence specifies the production of an amino acid chain through codons that correspond to specific amino acids.

The RNA sequence is read in groups of three nucleotides that do not correspond to amino acids.

The RNA sequence is identical to the amino acid sequence it produces.

The RNA sequence directly codes for proteins without any translation process.

Describe a point mutation.

A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

A point mutation is a type of chromosomal rearrangement.

A point mutation refers to the deletion of an entire gene.

A point mutation is a change in multiple nucleotides in the DNA sequence.

How many strands are RNA and DNA?

DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded.

DNA is single-stranded; RNA is double-stranded.

Both DNA and RNA are double-stranded.

Both DNA and RNA are single-stranded.

What types of bonds hold the sides and the “rungs” of the DNA molecule together?

Covalent bonds hold the sides; hydrogen bonds hold the rungs.

Peptide bonds hold the sides; hydrogen bonds hold the rungs.

Hydrogen bonds hold the sides; ionic bonds hold the rungs.

Ionic bonds hold the sides; covalent bonds hold the rungs.

Which of the following is true regarding the process of transcription?

Transcription involves copying DNA into RNA.

Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Transcription is the process of translating RNA into proteins.

Transcription converts RNA into DNA.

What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

Nitrogenous base, glucose, carboxyl group

Phosphate group, ribose sugar, amino group

DNA is found in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cytoplasm of cells.

DNA is found in the extracellular matrix.

DNA is found only in the ribosomes.

DNA is found in the cell wall of plants.

Genetics Study Guide

Authored by Nichelle Stephens-Smith

Science

9th Grade

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Who discovered the structure of DNA?

James Watson and Francis Crick

Marie Curie

Charles Darwin

Albert Einstein

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What shape are Eukaryotic chromosomes?

Circular

Spiral

Elliptical

Linear

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What holds one strand of DNA to the other strand?

Covalent bonds between sugar and phosphate groups.

Ionic bonds between DNA strands.

Van der Waals forces between the DNA backbone.

Hydrogen bonds between complementary nitrogenous bases.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The following RNA strand was produced:
5' AAA AUG AGU AAG 3'
Which of the following DNA strands could have been the template for this RNA?

3' TTT TAC TCA TTT 5'

3' TTT TAC TCA TTC 5'

3' GGG CUC UGA CCG 5'

3' AAA UAC AGU AAG 5'

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What stage of Transcription does the RNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to the 3' end of the RNA strand?

Elongation

Processing

Termination

Initiation

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Water, carbon dioxide, glucose

Phosphate group, five-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base

Carbohydrate, protein, lipid

Amino acid, fatty acid, glycerol

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the smallest unit of nucleic acids?

Carbohydrate

Protein

Amino acid

Nucleotide

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Genetics Study Guide

Who discovered the structure of DNA?

What shape are Eukaryotic chromosomes?

What holds one strand of DNA to the other strand?

The following RNA strand was produced:
5' AAA AUG AGU AAG 3'
Which of the following DNA strands could have been the template for this RNA?

What stage of Transcription does the RNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to the 3' end of the RNA strand?

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

What is the smallest unit of nucleic acids?

Which of these nucleic acids contain Nitrogenous bases?

DNA is the instructions for the cell. If it is in the nucleus, how do the instructions get into the cytoplasm and to the organelles?

Below are two sequences of a segment of DNA.

Normal sequence TAA GCG CAT
Mutated sequence TAG CGC AT
Which type of mutation has occurred?

Access all questions and much more by creating a free account

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

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Genetics Study Guide

Who discovered the structure of DNA?

What shape are Eukaryotic chromosomes?

What holds one strand of DNA to the other strand?

The following RNA strand was produced:5' AAA AUG AGU AAG 3'Which of the following DNA strands could have been the template for this RNA?

What stage of Transcription does the RNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to the 3' end of the RNA strand?

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

What is the smallest unit of nucleic acids?

Which of these nucleic acids contain Nitrogenous bases?

DNA is the instructions for the cell. If it is in the nucleus, how do the instructions get into the cytoplasm and to the organelles?

Below are two sequences of a segment of DNA. Normal sequence TAA GCG CATMutated sequence TAG CGC AT Which type of mutation has occurred?

Access all questions and much more by creating a free account

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science

The following RNA strand was produced:
5' AAA AUG AGU AAG 3'
Which of the following DNA strands could have been the template for this RNA?

Below are two sequences of a segment of DNA.

Normal sequence TAA GCG CAT
Mutated sequence TAG CGC AT
Which type of mutation has occurred?