Chemical Bonding

Which compound is a good conductor when in solution?

• Sodium chloride (NaCl)

• Sugar (C12H22O11)

• Ethanol (C2H5OH)

• Baking soda (NaHCO3)

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

• Ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

• Ionic bonds are formed between two nonmetals, while covalent bonds are formed between a metal and a nonmetal.

• Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

• Ionic bonds are weaker than covalent bonds and do not involve any electron transfer.

How do you determine if a molecule is polar or non-polar?

• Assess the symmetry of the molecule and the electronegativity differences between the atoms.

• Check the molecular weight of the molecule.

• Evaluate the temperature at which the molecule melts.

• Determine the color of the molecule.

What is a metallic bond?

• A type of bond that occurs between non-metal atoms.

• A bond characterized by a 'sea of electrons' that are free to move, allowing for conductivity.

• A bond that only occurs in ionic compounds.

• A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.

What is the relationship between bond type and melting point?

• Ionic bonds generally have lower melting points than covalent bonds.

• Covalent bonds have higher melting points than ionic bonds.

• Ionic bonds have higher melting points than covalent bonds due to stronger forces between ions.

• There is no relationship between bond type and melting point.

What is an example of a substance with covalent bonds?

• Water (H2O)

• Sodium chloride (NaCl)

• Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

• Iron (Fe)

What are valence electrons?

• Electrons that are in the innermost shell of an atom.

• Electrons that are involved in forming bonds with other atoms.

• Electrons that are responsible for the mass of an atom.

• Electrons that are found in the nucleus of an atom.

How do metallic bonds contribute to the properties of metals?

• They allow metals to be transparent and brittle.

• They contribute to properties such as electrical conductivity, malleability, and ductility due to the mobility of electrons.

• They make metals heavier and less reactive.

• They prevent metals from conducting heat.

What is the role of electronegativity in bond formation?

• It determines the color of the bond.

• It is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons; it plays a crucial role in determining the type of bond (ionic or covalent) formed between atoms.

• It affects the temperature at which a bond forms.

• It influences the size of the atoms involved in the bond.

What is a polar molecule?

• A molecule that has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds, which arise from the unequal sharing of electrons between atoms.

• A molecule that has an equal distribution of electrical charge across its structure.

• A molecule that contains only nonpolar covalent bonds and has no dipole moment.

• A molecule that is soluble in water and has a high boiling point.