3.3 The Spinal Cord

What is the first step in the stimulus response model?

• Effector

• Response

• Stimulus

• Receptor

Which part of the stimulus response model is responsible for detecting changes in the environment?

• Effector

• Receptor

• Spinal Cord & Brain

• Response

Which part of the stimulus response model is responsible for decision-making?

• Sensory receptors

• Motor neurons

• Control centre

• Effectors

What is the role of the spinal cord in a reflex?

• To detect stimuli

• To carry the message to the effectors

• To make the decision to respond

• To register the response in the brain

Which reflex involves the diaphragm muscles forcing air out rapidly?

• Grasp reflex

• Startle reflex

• Sneezing reflex

• Blinking reflex

What is the result of the knee-jerk reflex?

• The foot kicks out.

• The toes curl upwards.

• The leg remains still.

• The foot curls inwards.

Which reflex involves the toes curling downwards?

• Plantar reflex.

• Knee-jerk reflex.

• Elbow reflex.

• Finger reflex.

Which condition involves all four limbs being affected?

• Paraplegia

• Triplegia

• Quadriplegia

• Hemiplegia

What does the diagram illustrate?

• Effects of brain injury

• Effects of spinal cord injury

• Effects of muscle injury

• Effects of bone fracture

Which level of spinal cord injury may allow a person to walk short distances with braces?

• C5

• C8

• T1-T6

• L1-L5