Practice Test - Unit One

Which sociologist thought that the main cause for inequality and social conflict is social class?

• Karl Marx

• Max Weber

• Emile Durkheim

Who is considered the father of Sociology?

• Auguste Comte

• Herbert Spencer

• Karl Marx

Define Macro-Level Sociology.

• looks at trends among and between large groups and societies.

• focuses on individual interactions and small group dynamics.

• examines the biological basis of social behavior.

• studies the psychological motivations behind social actions.

Define Social Facts.

• laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, rituals, and cultural rules that govern social life.

• physical objects, natural phenomena, and biological processes.

• individual thoughts, personal opinions, and subjective experiences.

• economic transactions, market trends, and financial data.

Define Social Norms.

• unwritten rules of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that are considered acceptable in a particular social group or culture.

• written laws that govern a society.

• personal opinions that vary from person to person.

• scientific theories that explain natural phenomena.

Define Social Structure.

• patterns that persist through time and become habitual.

• temporary social interactions.

• random social events.

• individual behaviors.

Explain Survey.

• Collects data from subjects who respond to a series of questions about behaviors and opinions, often in the form of a questionnaire.

• A method to analyze financial markets.

• A technique for cooking.

• A way to design buildings.

Explain Experiment.

• Investigate relationships to test a hypothesis.

• Conduct a survey to gather opinions.

• Write a report on findings.

• Analyze data without a hypothesis.

Structural Functionalism is a paradigm that:

• focuses on the symbolic meanings that people develop and rely upon in the process of social interaction.

• emphasizes the role of power and coercion in producing social order.

• views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.

• analyzes the economic structures that create class divisions.

Conflict Theory is a paradigm that focuses on:

• the harmonious functioning of society

• the power struggles and conflicts between different social classes

• the role of technology in shaping society

• the influence of culture on individual behavior