Quiz about DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis, Mutations

Question 1

What is the central dogma of biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA codes for RNA, which guides protein synthesis

Answer

DNA codes for RNA, which guides enzyme synthesis

Answer

RNA codes for DNA, which guides protein synthesis

Answer

RNA codes for DNA, which guides enzyme synthesis

Question 2

Which two DNA nucleotides are collectively called purines?

Accepted Answer

adenine & guanine

Answer

adenine & thyamine

Answer

thytosine & guanine

Answer

thyamine & guanine

Question 3

What are the three types of RNA?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

tRNA

rRNA

Answer

mRNA

tRNA

sRNA

Answer

gRNA

tRNA

rRNA

Answer

mRNA

aRNA

gRNA

Question 4

The process of ___ creates mRNA that is later used for protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

transcription

Answer

synthesis

Answer

translation

Answer

transcribe

Question 5

The process of ___ creates polypeptide chains from codons found on mRNA.

Accepted Answer

translation

Answer

RNA

Answer

transcription

Answer

DNA

Question 6

A single strand of nucleotides made by DNA that is used to communicate genetic code outside the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

RNA

Answer

DNA

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Amino acid chain

Question 7

Double stranded DNA is unzipped, and one strand is used as a template to form Messenger RNA.

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Replication

Answer

Mitosis

Question 8

Messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes

and is used as a template to assemble a protein.

Accepted Answer

Translation

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Replication

Answer

Homeostasis

Question 9

A single strand of nucleotides coded by DNA

which travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm to give instructionsfor building proteins.

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

DNA

Answer

rRNA

Question 10

A small section of RNA that transports amino acids

to the ribosome for synthesis into proteins.

Accepted Answer

tRNA

Answer

mRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

DNA

Question 11

A nucleotide base that takes the place of Thymine in RNA.

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Thymine

Answer

Adenine

Answer

uRNA

Question 12

The enzyme that codes mRNA from DNA instructions.

Accepted Answer

RNA Polymerase

Answer

DNA Polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Lipase

Question 13

The order of the nucleotide bases in DNA or RNA.

Accepted Answer

Base Sequence

Answer

Numerical sequence

Answer

Amino acid sequence

Answer

Anti codon

Question 14

The reverse codon found on the tRNA.

Accepted Answer

Anticodon

Answer

Codon

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Question 15

A chart that shows the relationship between

codons and the amino acids they code for.

Accepted Answer

Codon Chart

Answer

Homeostasis chart

Answer

Anticodon

Answer

EKG Chart

Question 16

Three nucleotide bases that code for the beginning

of a strand of protein.

Accepted Answer

Start Codon

Answer

Uracil

Answer

Stop Codon

Answer

Anticodon

Question 17

Three nucleotide bases that code for the end

of a strand of protein.

Accepted Answer

Stop Codon

Answer

Anticodon

Answer

Start Codon

Answer

tRNA

Question 18

Most of a ribosome is made of rRNA.

Accepted Answer

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Answer

Anticodon

Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Question 19

What happens during transcription?

Accepted Answer

DNA is made into mRNA

Answer

DNA is made into amino acids

Answer

DNA is made into a protein

Question 20

Where does transcription take place?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

tRNA

Question 21

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is single stranded, RNA is double stranded

Answer

DNA has thymine, RNA has uracil

Answer

There are 3 types of DNA, there is only 1 type of RNA

Question 22

Why doesn't DNA leave the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

It could get damaged

Answer

It could get locked out of the nucleus

Answer

It doesn't want RNA to feel left out

Question 23

What happens during translation?

Accepted Answer

mRNA matches up with tRNA to form a protein

Answer

tRNA matches up with DNA to make a protein

Answer

DNA is copied into mRNA

Question 24

Where does translation take place?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 25

What are proteins made of?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Answer

DNA

Answer

RNA

Question 26

What is a change in the genetic material of a cell called?

Accepted Answer

Mutation

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a type of point mutation?

Accepted Answer

Translocation

Answer

Deletion

Answer

Substitution

Answer

Insertiion

Question 28

Which type(s) of point mutations cause frameshift mutations?

Accepted Answer

Insertion and deletion

Answer

Substitution and insertion

Answer

Substitution and deletion

Question 29

What would the mRNA sequence be for the following DNA code; ATG?

Accepted Answer

UAC

Answer

TAC

Answer

UAA

Question 30

Where are codons located?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

DNA

Question 31

DNA is changed from AAA to AAC. What kind of mutation is this?

Accepted Answer

Substitution

Answer

Insertion

Answer

Deletion

Question 32

DNA is changed from TTT to TTG T. What type of mutation is this?

Accepted Answer

Insertion

Answer

Deletion

Answer

Substitution

Question 33

Which comes first?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Question 34

What is a difference between RNA and DNA?

Accepted Answer

RNA has Uracil while DNA has Thymine

Answer

RNA has 2 stands while DNA has 1

Answer

DNA can leave the nucleus while RNA cannot

Question 35

What is the term for a substitution mutation that does not cause a change to the amino acid sequence in the protein?

Accepted Answer

Silent mutation

Answer

Frameshift mutation

Answer

Chromosomal mutation

Answer

Loud mutation

Question 36

What is a section of DNA that codes for a protein called?

Accepted Answer

Gene

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Nucleotide

Answer

tRNA

Question 37

What tRNA anticodon will match up with the following mRNA codon; AUC?

Accepted Answer

UAG

Answer

TAG

Answer

UTG

Answer

CTA

Question 38

Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA

Accepted Answer

substitution

Answer

no mutation

Answer

insertion

Answer

deletion

Question 39

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

Accepted Answer

Deletion

Answer

Substitution

Answer

Insertion

Answer

Inversion

Question 40

If you are missing or have an extra base at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?

Accepted Answer

Frameshift

Answer

Substitution

Answer

Duplication

Answer

Insertion

Question 41

mRNA is read in chunks of three, called...

Accepted Answer

codons

Answer

quadralets

Answer

anticodons

Answer

capsids

Question 42

Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?

Accepted Answer

insertion

Answer

deletion

Answer

silent

Answer

transverse

Question 43

A frameshift mutation can occur with either _________ or __________ mutations.

Accepted Answer

Addition, deletion

Answer

Addition, division

Answer

Deletion, substitution

Answer

Addition, substitution

Question 44

What type of chromosomal mutation is this?

Accepted Answer

Translocation

Answer

Inversion

Answer

Deletion

Answer

Duplication

Question 45

Original DNA: CAT GAT CCA

New DNA: CAT TGA TCC A

What mutation occurred? (one has been added)

Accepted Answer

insertion

Answer

deletion

Answer

substitution

Answer

tranverse

Question 46

What type of chromosomal mutation is this?

Accepted Answer

Inversion

Answer

Translocation

Answer

Deletion

Answer

Duplication

Question 47

Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?

Accepted Answer

Insertions and Deletions

Answer

Insertions only

Answer

Substitution only

Answer

Deletion only

Question 48

What is the product of translation?

Accepted Answer

proteins

Answer

DNA

Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Question 49

In RNA the base T is replaced with

Accepted Answer

U

Answer

G

Answer

C

Answer

A

Question 50

What combines together to make a protein?

Accepted Answer

Amino Acid

Answer

RNA

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

DNA

Question 51

What cell structure is the site of translation?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Chloroplast

Question 52

What type of RNA is shown in this image?

Accepted Answer

tRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

mRNA

Question 53

Choose the nucleotide sequence of the RNA strand that would be complementary to the following strand:
GTAGTCA

Accepted Answer

CAUCAGU

Answer

UATUAGA

Answer

ACGACTG

Answer

CATCAGT

Question 54

Which phrase best describes translation?

Accepted Answer

converts mRNA into a polypeptide

Answer

catalyzes bonds between amino acids

Answer

produces RNA from DNA molecules

Answer

recycles tRNA molecules for reuse

Question 55

Which of the following is the site of translation?

Accepted Answer

ribosome

Answer

vacuole

Answer

lysosome

Answer

nucleus

Question 56

The bottom of the tRNA molecule joins with the mRNA molecule because it has the _________ that complements the _______ on mRNA.

Accepted Answer

anticodon, codon

Answer

codon, anticodon

Answer

amino acid, nucleotide

Answer

nucleotide, amino acid

Question 57

The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.

Accepted Answer

nucleus

Answer

cell

Answer

nucleotide

Question 58

Which anticodon would be placed in spot #2

Accepted Answer

GGA

Answer

GGC

Answer

CCA

Answer

GGT

Question 59

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

Answer

sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base

Answer

sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base

Answer

sugar, phosphate, protein

Question 60

In DNA replication, if the original sequence reads AATTTGCG, the complementary DNA strand would read?

Accepted Answer

TTAAACGC

Answer

AAUUUCGC

Answer

AATTTGCG

Answer

UUAAACGC

Question 61

In which of the following ways does genetic information typically flow in an organism?

Accepted Answer

DNA --> RNA --> protein --> trait

Answer

trait --> proteins --> RNA --> DNA

Answer

RNA --> trait -->protein --> DNA

Answer

DNA --> protein --> trait--> RNA

Question 62

What are the building blocks of proteins called?

Accepted Answer

Amino Acids

Answer

DNA

Answer

RNA

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 63

What term describes when mRNA is read 3 consecutive letters (bases) at a time and it codes for a single amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Codon

Answer

Anticodon

Answer

Polypeptide

Answer

Gene

Question 64

Which choice below correctly summarizes the base-pairing rules in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A-UC-G

Answer

A-GC-T

Answer

A-CT-G

Answer

A-TC-G

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