Reviewer in Physical Science

According to the Big Bang Theory, approximately how long ago did the universe begin its expansion?

• 10.5 billion years ago

• 13.8 billion years ago

• 15.2 billion years ago

• 18.3 billion years ago

What is nucleosynthesis?

• The breakdown of atomic nuclei into smaller particles

• The process of creating new atomic nuclei from existing protons and neutrons

• The cooling process of the early universe

• The formation of stars and galaxies

Which phase of element formation is responsible for creating "heavy" elements?

• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

• Primordial Nucleosynthesis

• Stellar Nucleosynthesis

• Nuclear Fission

How long after the Big Bang did it take for atomic nuclei to begin forming?

• Three seconds

• Three hours

• Three minutes

• Three days

What is binding energy?

• The energy released during nuclear fusion

• The energy required to break a nucleus into its components

• The energy needed to create new elements

• The energy produced during radioactive decay

What is the approximate lifetime of a free neutron before it decays?

• Ten seconds

• Ten hours

• Ten minutes

• Ten days

Which element forms when deuterium gains another neutron?

• Helium

• Lithium

• Tritium

• Beryllium

How many protons and neutrons are in a helium nucleus of mass 4?

• Four protons, no neutrons

• Three protons, one neutron

• One proton, three neutrons

• Two protons, two neutrons

Why did deuterium easily decay upon formation in the early universe?

• There weren't enough protons available

• The universe's temperature was higher than deuterium's binding energy

• Neutrons were too unstable

• The process was too slow

Which elements were produced in significant quantities during Big Bang nucleosynthesis?

• Iron and nickel

• Carbon and oxygen

• Hydrogen and helium

• Gold and silver