PDI and Individualism VS Collectivism

What does the Power Distance Index (PDI) measure in Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory?

• The level of individualism in a society

• The degree of inequality that exists and is accepted between people with and without power

• The importance of long-term orientation in a culture

• The level of uncertainty avoidance in a society

In Hofstede's dimensions, which of the following best describes a collectivist society?

• Emphasis on personal achievements and individual rights

• Strong ties between individuals and a focus on group goals

• High tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty

• Preference for structured situations and clear rules

What is a characteristic of a society with low individualism according to Hofstede's dimensions?

• People are expected to look after themselves and their immediate family only

• Strong emphasis on personal freedom and individual rights

• People are integrated into strong, cohesive groups

• High level of competition among individuals

In a high Power Distance culture, which of the following is likely to be true?

• Subordinates are expected to question authority

• Power is distributed equally among all members of society

• Hierarchical structures are accepted and expected

• There is a strong emphasis on egalitarianism

How does a high Power Distance Index affect workplace dynamics?

• Encourages open communication between all levels of staff

• Promotes a flat organisational structure

• Creates a clear hierarchy with centralised decision-making

• Fosters a collaborative environment with shared responsibilities

What is a key feature of individualistic societies?

• Emphasis on group harmony and consensus

• Prioritisation of personal goals over group goals

• Strong reliance on family and community support

• High level of conformity to social norms

Which of the following statements is true about collectivist cultures?

• They value personal achievements over group success

• They encourage independence and self-reliance

• They prioritise group harmony and collective well-being

• They have a low tolerance for ambiguity

In Hofstede's dimensions, what does a low Power Distance Index indicate?

• Acceptance of unequal power distribution

• Preference for hierarchical organisational structures

• Expectation of equal power distribution and democratic decision-making

• High level of uncertainty avoidance

Which of the following is a characteristic of a high individualism culture?

• Strong emphasis on group loyalty and collective responsibility

• Focus on personal achievements and individual rights

• High level of conformity to group norms

• Preference for indirect communication

How might a high Power Distance Index manifest in educational settings?

• Students are encouraged to challenge teachers' authority

• Teachers are seen as equals to students

• Teachers are viewed as authority figures and are not questioned

• Collaborative learning is emphasised